Botany

ETHNOBOTANICAL STUDY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS USED BY LOCAL PEOPLE OF DIRE TEYARA WOREDA, HARARI REGIONAL STATE, ETHIOPIA

2025-02-12T06:20:07Z

ETHNOBOTANICAL STUDY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS USED BY LOCAL PEOPLE OF DIRE TEYARA WOREDA, HARARI REGIONAL STATE, ETHIOPIA Samiya Mohammed Yuyo; (PhD) Meseret Chimdessa; (PhD) Manikandan M. A variety of traditional medicinal plants have been widely used by different indigenous people in Ethiopia for many human and livestock ailments. This ethnobotanical study aimed to document and analyze the traditional knowledge and use of medicinal plants by the local community in Dire Teyara Woreda. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews, group discussions, and field observation. 389 respondents, of which 20 were key informants were involved. Information regarding the plant species, their medicinal uses, and preparation methods were collected and analyzed. A total of 52 medicinal plant species belonging to 39 families were identified. The study revealed that these plants were used to treat various human ailments. Zingiber officinale, Nigella sativa, Allium sativum, Ruta chalepensis and Schinus molle were species with high preference ranking and used by the local people frequently. The majority of medicinal plants (53.8%) were harvested from the wild environments. The result of growth form analysis showed that shrubs constituted the highest proportion of medicinal plants (40.4%). The family Solanaceae occupied the first rank with five species followed by Fabaceae and Myrtaceae with three species each. The most frequently used plant parts were leaves (44%) followed by roots (19.2%), seeds (13.4%) and stem and fruits (5.8%). Crushing was a widely used mode of preparation of traditional remedies, whereas oral administration (61.5%) was the dominant route. Results of statistical analyses showed that knowledge of traditional medicine of plant origin was significantly (P<0.001) affected by age, sex, educational status and occupation of the indigenous people of the study area. Local people in the study area possess indigenous knowledge of medicinal plants to treat various human ailments; however, agricultural expansion and disinterest of young generation became the major threat to medicinal plants. It is, therefore, necessary to preserve this indigenous knowledge on traditional medicines by proper documentation, identification of plant species used, and herbal preparation. To save medicinal plants from further loss, involving local communities in cultivation of the most utilized medicinal plants is recommended 55p.

ETHNOBOTANICAL STUDY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS IN SORO DISTRICT, HADIYA ZONE, SOUTHERN ETHOPIA

2024-03-12T06:48:04Z

ETHNOBOTANICAL STUDY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS IN SORO DISTRICT, HADIYA ZONE, SOUTHERN ETHOPIA Getachew Yohannes Mekiso; Meseret Chimdessa (PhD); Manikandan Muthuswamy (PhD) The indigenous knowledge of the utilization of plants as a source of medicine is important to conserve useful plants and preserve indigenous knowledge for the next generation. Therefore, an ethnobotanical study of medicinal plant species was conducted to identify and document traditional medicinal plants in Soro District, Hadiya Zone, and southern Ethiopia. A total of 120 informants (age ≥30 years) were interviewed to collect information on medicinal plant use from six sampled kebeles. Of these, 12 key informants were selected purposively from the information gathered from the local people. The rest were selected randomly. Ethnobotanical data was gathered using semi-structured interviews, group discussions, and guided field walks with key informants for field observations. Direct matrix ranking, preference ranking, Informant consensus factor, and fidelity level were calculated. In this study, it was reported that 75 plant species belonging to 70 genera and 40 families were commonly used to treat various human and livestock ailments. Out of these, 31 were obtained from the wild, 18 were collected from home gardens, 16 were from agricultural fields, and 10 were from the road side. From the total medicinal plants species, 29 species were herbs, followed by 25 species of trees, and 21 species of shrubs. The most frequently used plant parts were leaves (31.67%), followed by roots (20.83%), and plants were used mostly in fresh form for remedy preparation. The most widely used method of preparation was crushing (18.33%) and pounding (16.66%). The common route of medicine administration was oral (70%), followed by dermal (20 %) oral and dermal (5.38%), and nasal (4.17%). Informants determined dosage based on age, physical appearance, and the strength of diseases. The main threatening factors reported were firewood, charcoal production, construction, fencing materials, human settlement, agricultural expansion, and overharvesting. Documenting the threating plants and related local knowledge can be used as a source for developing management methods for conservation and sustainable use of traditional medicinal plants in the area 88p.

Allelopathic Effect of Lantana camara L. Leaf Aqueous Extarcts on Germination and Seedling Growth of Capsicum annuum L. and Daucus carota L.

2024-01-17T08:00:47Z

Allelopathic Effect of Lantana camara L. Leaf Aqueous Extarcts on Germination and Seedling Growth of Capsicum annuum L. and Daucus carota L. Yiftusira Alemayehu Debela; Meseret Chimdesa (PhD); Zekeria Yusuf (PhD) Allelopathy is the interactions between plants that might lead to either stimulation or inhibition of growth. Lantana camara is a noxious invasive weed. The objective of this work was to assess allelopathic effect of Lantana camara leaf aqueous extract on germination and seedling growth of Capsicum annuum and Daucus carota. The aqueous extract of L. camara leaf sample was used as a source of allelopathic effects. The C. annuum and D. carota seeds were used for experimental testing of allelopathic effects. Data were collected for germination and seedling growth parameters including germination rate (GR); germination inhibition rate (GIR); mean germination time (MGT); germination index (GI); Relative length of plumule (RLP); germination speed (V); relative length of radicle (RLR); plumule inhibition rate (PIR); radicle inhibition rate (RIR); allelopathic index (AI). The result indicated that the highest concentration of the allelopathic extract (20 mg/L) has demonstrated significantly the highest GIR (60.00%), germination speed (2.54 U/day) for D. carota as GIR (70.00 %), MGT (0.36 days) and GI (0.67 %) for C. annuum seeds. The highest concentration of the allelopathic extract (20mg/L) has recorded the highest PIR (59.63%), and RIR (48.95%) for D. carota seeds, as PIR (27.47%), RLR (79.49%) for C. annuum. D. carota seeds had the largest negative allelopathic index (-60.00% or allelopathic intensity of 60.00%), while the germination of C. annuum seeds had the largest negative allelopathic index (-63.43 % or allelopathic intensity of 63.43%). Significant negative correlations were observed between the germination speed (-0.807), GIR (-1.00), RIR (-0.762), and the negative allelopathic index (AI) for D. carota seeds. The plumule inhibition rate (-0.903), radicle inhibition rate (-0.835), germination inhibition rate (-0.987), and mean germination time (-0.922) were all negatively correlated with the significant negative allelopathic index (AI) for C. annuum seed germination. We can conclude that GIR, PIR, and RIR were directly correlated with AI based on the results of the ANOVA and correlation coefficient analysis. 55p.

ALLELOPATHIC EFFECT OF (Casimiroa edulisLlave et Lex.) LEAF EXTRACTS ON GERMINATION AND SEEDLING GROWTH OF MAIZE (Zea mays (L.) AND SORGHUM (Sorghum biocolor (L.)Moench)

2024-01-04T05:53:53Z

ALLELOPATHIC EFFECT OF (Casimiroa edulisLlave et Lex.) LEAF EXTRACTS ON GERMINATION AND SEEDLING GROWTH OF MAIZE (Zea mays (L.) AND SORGHUM (Sorghum biocolor (L.)Moench) SINTAYEHU WORKU GIZAW; MeseretChimdessa (PhD); Zekeria Yusuf (PhD) The changes over time of both composition and quantity of allelochemicals can either increase or decrease the phytotoxicity of decomposing plant litter. The present study was undertaken to investigate the allelopathic effects of leaf extracts of C. edulis on sorghum and maize seed germinations. The aqueous extract of white sapota(Casimiroa edulis L1ave & Lex) leaf samples were used as a source of allelochemicals. Data collection involved the germination and seedling growth parameters including Germination rate (GR); germination inhibition rate GIR); MGT: mean germination time (MGT); germination index (GI); Relative length of plumule (RLP); germination speed (v); relative length of radicle (RLR); plumule inhibition rate (PIR); radicle inhibition rate (RIR); allelopathic index (AI). The result indicated that highest concentration of the allelopathic extract (20 mg/L) has demonstrated significantly the highest germination inhibition rate (56.67 %) for sorghum; GIR (36.67 %) and MGT (3.90 days) for maize seeds. However, the least RLP (23.95%), RLR (10.38%) for sorghum seeds while RLP (43.21%) and RLR (19.92%) for maize seeds; thehighest PIR (76.05%) and RIR (89.60%) for sorghum, as PIR (56.79%), RLR (80.09%) for maize seeds. The allelopathic intensity was found to be the highest (50 %) for sorghum, and (36.67%) for maize seed germination. The negative allelopathic index (AI) for sorghum seed germination was sginficant and negatively correlated with GIR (-0.974), PIR (-0.942) and RIR (-0.913). The negative allelopathic index (AI) for maize seed germination was significant and negatively correlated with germination speed (-0.872), MGT(-0.870), RLP (-1.00) and PIR (- 0.930). For sorghum seed germination, the first principal component (PC1) has got high positive loads from germination rate (0.36), RLP(0.36), AI(0.36), RLR (0.35), and GI (0.31). However, in PC1 the highest negative component loads were recorded by GIR(-0.36), PIR (- 0.36) and radicle inhibition rate (-0.35). The second PC has got the highest positive load (0.67) from germination speed, but high negative load from MGT(-0.68). In allelopathic effect on maize seed germination, PC1 has got highest scores from AI (0.51), and Gi(0.51), but highest negative scores from relative length of plumule (-0.51). Similarly, PC2 has got high positive scores from germination speed (0.58), AI (0.28) and GI (0.27) while negative score from GR (-0.58) and GI (-0.27). The third principal component (PC3) has got high positive score from MGT (0.66) but highest negative score from GIR (-0.66). It can be concluded that the highest negative scores in PCs which is GIR indicate direct relationship between the negative allelopathic index and negative score factors. However, the highest positive scores in PCs indicate inverse relationship between allelopathic index and positive score factors in both sorghum and maize seed germinations 55