Biostatisticshttp://ir.haramaya.edu.et//hru/handle/123456789/1832024-03-29T05:54:46Z2024-03-29T05:54:46ZBAYESIAN SURVIVAL ANALYSIS OF TIME TO EARLY MARRIAGE AMONG YOUNG WOMEN IN KERSA DISTRICT, EAST HARARGHEGemechu Asfaw ZewudeHabtamu Kiros (Asst. Prof)Kasahun Takele (PhD)http://ir.haramaya.edu.et//hru/handle/123456789/71842023-12-12T07:05:04Z2023-12-01T00:00:00ZBAYESIAN SURVIVAL ANALYSIS OF TIME TO EARLY MARRIAGE AMONG YOUNG WOMEN IN KERSA DISTRICT, EAST HARARGHE
Gemechu Asfaw Zewude; Habtamu Kiros (Asst. Prof); Kasahun Takele (PhD)
Early married age women are children who are married below the age of 18 years. The main objective of this research study was to identify factors that influence the survival time of early marriage among young women in Kersa District, Eastern Hararghe by using the Bayesian survival model. The Bayesian analysis include prior information about the parameter of model that leads to more efficient and more flexible with all information about the parameters. The data for this study was secondary data that have taken from the Kersa Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) of early-married young women as events and other child girls that not married still their 18 years old and withdraw from the study Kersa district without married at age of their 18 years are censored. In this study the data has used was from the 2018-2021 years data. Out of 44,405 young girls in Kersa district, the women who married early were 1,618 and considered as censored were 42,787. The result of the study shows that early marriage was being practiced in Kersa district especially in a rural area of the district meaning the women who live in sem_urban are less affected by early marriage. Of the total early married women in rural were 1576, and in sem_urban were 42. A higher number or 1,145 early married are illiterate than the number of literate early married women. The Bayesian Survival Weibull proportional hazard model identified a women education, wealth index, residency and women occupation as a significant factor of early marriage. The campaign against early marriage should concentrate on the girls in the direction of education and economically empowering girls.
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2023-12-01T00:00:00ZFACTORS AFFECTING NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF UNDER FIVE CHILDREN IN HARAMAYA DISTRICT, OROMIA, ETHIOPIARedi, Fuad(MSc)Egata, Gudina (PhD)Kedir, Adem (PhD)http://ir.haramaya.edu.et//hru/handle/123456789/46962022-02-14T12:03:06Z2015-10-01T00:00:00ZFACTORS AFFECTING NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF UNDER FIVE CHILDREN IN HARAMAYA DISTRICT, OROMIA, ETHIOPIA
Redi, Fuad(MSc); Egata, Gudina (PhD); Kedir, Adem (PhD)
Malnutrition is a general term for a medical condition caused by an improper or insufficient
diet. Under nutrition is prevalent around the world. The objective of this study was to assess the
prevalence of under nutrition and factors affecting nutritional status among children aged 6-59
months in Haramaya, Eastern Ethiopia. The data were collected by using a well structured
pretested questionnaire. Anthropometric measurements of the children were taken to assess the
nutritional status of the children. Multivariate multiple linear regression models by taking the
Z-score of the weight for age, height for age and weight for height of the children as dependent
variables were used to assess the relationship between child nutritional status and the
explanatory variables. The prevalence of stunting, wasting and underweight were 36.07%
[95% CI (0.314, 0.408)], 14.43% [95% CI (0.110, 0.179)] and 23.63% [95% CI (0.195,
0.278)] respectively. The significant factors which were related to the three indicators jointly
were food security status of the household, child sex, diarrhea infection, child age, and the
employment status of mother. Wealth status, additional food frequency per day, and the
residence of household were significantly related to the z score of wasting and underweight,
stunting and underweight, and wasting and stunting respectively. The current study showed that
the prevalence of child undernutrition is highly prevalent in Haramaya district. A child from a
food insecure household, a male child, diarrhea infected child, and a child from employed
mother were significantly more likely to have less z score of underweight, stunting and wasting
compared to their corresponding counterparts in the study area. A child from lowest living
standard household was significantly lower z score of wasting and underweight; a child who
was feeding less frequently per day was significantly lower mean z score of stunting and
underweight in the study area. Community based nutrition program should be established;
continuous nutrition supervision based on each nutritional status indicators and special
attention to severely malnourished children is necessary to attempt the problem of
malnutrition.
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2015-10-01T00:00:00ZDETERMINANTS OF HOUSEHOLD INCOME WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS TO RURAL WOMEN’S TIME USE: CASE STUDY OF DERA AND HARAMAYA DISTRICTS, OROMIA REGIONAL STATE, ETHIOPIAgebeyehu, DerejeKedir, Adem Major Advisor (PhD)tegenge, Bosena Co- Advisor (PhD)http://ir.haramaya.edu.et//hru/handle/123456789/27602018-01-28T21:50:45Z2016-11-01T00:00:00ZDETERMINANTS OF HOUSEHOLD INCOME WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS TO RURAL WOMEN’S TIME USE: CASE STUDY OF DERA AND HARAMAYA DISTRICTS, OROMIA REGIONAL STATE, ETHIOPIA
gebeyehu, Dereje; Kedir, Adem Major Advisor (PhD); tegenge, Bosena Co- Advisor (PhD)
This study was aimed to investigate the determinants of household income with special
emphasis to rural women’s time use. Multistage stratified random sampling technique was
used to select a sample of 234 rural farmer women from Dera and Haramaya districts. A
structural questionnaire was used to collect data from sampled rural farmer women based on
cross sectional survey of 2015. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive statistics
(percentage, mean and standard deviation), multiple linear regression analysis and
Propensity score matching model. The results from multiple linear regression analysis using
ordinary least square estimation showed that residence dummy, women household head,
women year of education, livestock holding, farm size and access to credit were significant
variables affecting household income. In this study, time use was found endogenous variable
as identified by using Wu-Hausman test. Therefore, two stage least square estimation was
used to overcome the endogeneity problem. The result using two stage least square estimation
showed that time use significantly and positively affects household income. In addition, using
two stage least square estimation residence dummy, women household head, women year of
education, livestock holding, farm size and access to credit were significant variables affecting
household income. Propensity score matching model was used to analyze the impact of women
time use on household income. Being not time poor had about 479.298 birr greater yearly
household income as compared to time poor women using average treatment on the treated
with the Kernel matching methods. Future policy should focus on awareness creation on
designing program to increasing time use, increase land productivity using modern
technologies, designing development strategy for livestock sector, strengthening and
establishing formal education, and facilitate formal credit among the rural women
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2016-11-01T00:00:00ZMODELLING AND FORECASTING ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION OF ETHIOPIA: GRANGER CAUSALITY AND BAYESIAN VECTOR AUTOREGRESSIVE APPROACHESsibra, Sintayehuayalew, Salie Major Advisor (PhD)haji, Jema Co- Advisor (PhD)http://ir.haramaya.edu.et//hru/handle/123456789/27562018-01-28T21:26:13Z2018-02-01T00:00:00ZMODELLING AND FORECASTING ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION OF ETHIOPIA: GRANGER CAUSALITY AND BAYESIAN VECTOR AUTOREGRESSIVE APPROACHES
sibra, Sintayehu; ayalew, Salie Major Advisor (PhD); haji, Jema Co- Advisor (PhD)
Ethiopia is aggressively working on production of electricity from different energy mix setting
to have installed capacity of more than 17, 000 MW electricity after 2020 to trigger the economy.
However, currently the electricity consumption demand is unparalleled with supply. Besides
this, the empirical studies of causality between electricity consumption and economic growth in
Ethiopia found mixed results both in direction and magnitude of impact. Therefore, the objective
of this study was to model and forecast electricity consumption of Ethiopia using Granger
causality and BVAR approaches. Bivariate and VECM Granger causality analysis were
employed to investigate the causality between electricity consumption and economic growth of
Ethiopia over the period of 1981 to 2015. Both results revealed the presence of a bidirectional
causality between electricity consumption demand and economic growth. Besides this, Granger
causality between electricity consumption and economic growth were decomposed in to
different time horizons. Then, predictive power among variables were evaluated using single
univariate model and nested models. The result revealed that inclusion of lagged economic
growth in a nested model including long run relationship increases predictive power in making
forecast of electricity consumption and vice-versa in Granger causality framework. On the other
hand, the different versions of BVAR models were derived from various combination of the
overall tightness and relative weights of other variables between stated ranges of
hyperparametres and fixing decay parameter as 0.5. Based on out of sample forecast, BVAR1,
Minnesota (0.5, 0.9 and 0.5) is selected as best performing BVAR model. Then, the forecasting
power of BVAR1 model was compared with the standard UVAR and Univariate VAR models,
the one for which the relative weight of other variables collapses to 1 and 0.0001 respectively
using RMSE and RMSE based DM test statistic. The results show that BVAR1 outperform both
models. This implies that adding proper macroeconomic information, that is, inclusion of
appropriate prior information to the VAR model significantly improves the forecasting ability
of electricity consumption. This encourages that for an electricity sector like Ethiopia, where
data are not available for longer periods, BVAR approach could provide a competitive
alternative approach. Finally, the results of forecasting using BVAR suggests that electricity
consumption per capita were expected to be increasing in the coming five years, which is slightly
higher than in the past three decades. This calls for greater investment from either the national
fiscal budget and/or through private sector participation on electricity generation, transmission
and distribution.
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2018-02-01T00:00:00Z