Health Services Management

Quality of Life and Associated Factors among Patients with Epilepsy at Selected Public Hospitals of Somali Region, Eastern Ethiopia

2024-03-27T06:20:31Z

Quality of Life and Associated Factors among Patients with Epilepsy at Selected Public Hospitals of Somali Region, Eastern Ethiopia Hassen Abdulahi Abdi; AssefaTola; Maleda Tefera Background:Epilepsy is strongly associated with an impaired quality of life and leading to premature death both in low- and middle-income countries. Despite the fact that understanding the status and determinant of the quality of life of epileptic patients is the first step toward improving treatment results, there is a shortage of evidence-based information on the quality of life of epileptic patients in our study area. Objective: To assess the quality of life and its associated factors among patients with epilepsy at selected public hospitals of the Somali region, Eastern Ethiopia, from June 30 to July 30, 2023. Method:Institution-based cross-sectional study design was conducted among 422 epileptic patients in 5 public hospitals of the Somali region from June 30 to July 30, 2023, using a simple random sampling technique. Data were collected using a pretested structured questionnaire, entered into Epi-data version 3.2, and analyzed by SPSS version 26. Descriptive statistics like frequencies, proportions, and summary measures were used to describe the findings using tables and graphs. A Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis were performed to assess the associations between the dependent variable and independent variables. Finally, the strength of associations between the quality of life out come variable and independent variables was assessed by adjusted odds ratios (AORs) with 95% confidence intervals. A P value less than 0.05 was used to declare the statistical significance of the observed associations. Results: Overall, the good quality of life of epileptic patients was 56.4 % (95% CI=51.5–59.2%). In the final model of multivariable analysis, factors such as ages ranged greater than or equal to 35 (AOR=0.28; 95%CI: 0.11, 0.71), family size 4 to 6 and greater than or equal to 7 (AOR=0.12; 95%CI: 0.04, 0.33) and (AOR=0.23; 95%CI: 0.08, 0.68), had drug adherence (AOR= 14.42; 95%CI: 3.93, 52.95 ), no physical activities (AOR=0.33; 95%CI: 0.17, 0.66), smoking (AOR=0.41; 95%CI: 0.18, 0.91), drinking alcohol (AOR=0.06; 95%CI: 0.02, 0.18), had no anxiety (AOR= 2.74; 95%CI: 1.12, 6. 71), and had no depression (AOR= 3.32; 95%CI: (1.35, 8.17) were found to be associated significantly with good quality of life life. Conclusions and recommendation: According to this study, approximately six out of ten epileptic patients had good quality of life, which is less as the epileptic standard treatment. Factors such as age, family size, drug adherence, physical activities, smoking, drinking alcohol, anxiety status, and depression status were associated with quality of life life. Therefore, it would be best if all health professionals placed a XII major focus on providing health education and counseling on treatment adherence ,comorbidity and abstaining from substance use. Additionally, it would be extremely beneficial to regularly screen for, identify, and treat psychiatric disorders in order to improve the quality of life for epilepsy patients 101

JOB PERFORMANCE AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG HEALTH EXTENSION WORKERS IN EAST HARARGHE ZONE, ETHIOPIA

2024-03-08T07:09:44Z

JOB PERFORMANCE AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG HEALTH EXTENSION WORKERS IN EAST HARARGHE ZONE, ETHIOPIA Yousuf Abrahim Tuke; Belay Negash ( Assis Profe); Simon Birhanu ( Assit Profes) Job performance is crucial for organizational goals, and Ethiopia's health extension programs have achieved significant health outcomes. However, challenges include improving the quality of the services provided within the program, like enhancing skills and health extension workers' performance, and creating an appropriate carrier structure. Though efforts are devoted to improving community health workers' performance, the challenge related to health extension workers' performance persists. In this regard, so far, there is limited evidence in the study area, so this study fills the limited evidence gap. Objectives: To assess job performance and associated factors among health extension workers working in district Health posts of East Hararghe Zone, Oromia Region, East Ethiopia, from June 1 to June 30, 2023. Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study design was employed to assess job performance and associated factors among randomly selected 633 health extension workers starting from June 1 to June 30, 2023. A structured self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. The collected data were coded, cleaned, and double-entered into Epi-data version 3.1. The data were exported to SPSS version 22 for further analysis. The descriptive analysis of data was done using summary measures. All covariates that were significant at p value < 0.25 in Bivariable logistic regression analysis were considered multivariable analyses to detect predictors associated with the outcome. To measure the strength of the association between dependent and independent variables, Crude and adjusted odd ratios with 95% Confidence Intervals were calculated. Finally, the variable that shows a P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The overall level of self-rated job performance among health extension was found to be 53.9% (CI: 49.9%-57.8%). The socio-demographic factors such as level IV and above educational status [AOR=5.482 (3.752, 8.008)] and monthly income ≥5000ETB [AOR=1.815 (95%, CI: 1.259, 2.617)] were significantly associated with self-rated job performance. Conclusion: The overall self-rated job performance of Health extension workers (HEWs) was high. Factors such as educational level and monthly income were significantly associated with self-rated job performance among HEWs. The study emphasizes the need for improved educational and income levels for health extension workers, policy directives, capacity building, supportive supervision, improved payment options, performance-based rewards, and reward systems for top performers. 65p.

PREVALANCE, OUTCOME AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS OF ATRIAL FIBRILLATION IN ADULT HEART FAILURE PATIENTS ADMITTED TO HIWOT FANA SPECIALIZED UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL BETWEEN SEPTEMBER 2019-2022, HARAR, EASTERN ETHIOPIA

2023-06-13T11:37:39Z

PREVALANCE, OUTCOME AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS OF ATRIAL FIBRILLATION IN ADULT HEART FAILURE PATIENTS ADMITTED TO HIWOT FANA SPECIALIZED UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL BETWEEN SEPTEMBER 2019-2022, HARAR, EASTERN ETHIOPIA Endale Lemma Yifru; Dr.Teferi Merid; Mr. Teshager worku : Heart failure and Atrial fibrillation are two major cardiovascular problems worldwide that frequently coexist, predispose to each other, complicate treatment course and prognosis of each other. Improvement in patient quality of care and advancement in treatment options of atrial fibrillations in heart failure could reduce mortality. However, Prevalence of atrial fibrillation , in-hospital mortality and Predicting factors in admitted adult heart failure patients were not well defined at Hiwot Fana Special ized University Hospital, Eastern Ethiopia . Objective: The study aimed to determine prevalence , clinical outcome and associated factors of atrial fibrillation in admitted adult heart failure patients at Hiwot Fana Specialized University hospital be tween September 1-2019-2022. Methods: Hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted and 227 adult heart failure patients were selected by systematic random sampling methods. The data was collected by reviewing medical records of patients .The data was tabulated, cleaned ,categorized and entered in to SPSS version 29 for analysis. Continuous variables have been expressed as mean ± standard deviation.Categorical and discrete varia bles have been expressed as frequency and percentage. Mantel-haenzel chi square also used to to deter mine the association of atrial fibrillation with clinical outcome and possible risk factors odds ratio and CI .Wald test and mann-whitney test was also used to examine the proportional and mean difference respectively on basis of AF .The margin of error accepted was set to be 5%.So,the p -value considered significant if <0.05 and CI also considered significant if doesn‟t cross over or includes 1. Result :In this study total of 227 admitted heart failure patients were included, Atrial fibrillation was identified in 30.4% and increased significantly in those with RVHD 43.8% OR 3.222 95% CI(1.771- 5.857) p<0.001, EF >40% 34.4% OR 2.72 95%(0.959-7.48) P=0.012. The stroke was seen in 5.3% of patients of which 80% was attributed to atrial fibrillation with OR 5.049 (1.467-3.696) P=0.008 . Car diogenic shock was seen in 9.3% of which 21.4% was attributed to atrial fibrillation OR 1.273(0.451- 3.592) P=0.649 . 14.1% of patients were died in the hospital of which 32% was attributed to atrial fibril lation OR 1.4710.661-3.277 P=0.344. Conclusion: Atrial fibrillation was identified in one third of ad mitted heart failure patients and significantly increased in those with underlying RVHD and Diastolic dysfunction(EF>40%). Atrial fibrillation was significantly associated with increased odds of stroke however, Atrial fibrillation were not significantly associated with increased risk of cardiogenic shock and mortality.Improvement in stroke preventive strategy focusing on heart failure with atrail fibrilla tion and advancement in AF screening as well therapeutic strategy are recommended. 60p.

MAGNITUDE OF COMORBIDITIES AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG ADULT DIABETES PATIENTS ON FOLLOW-UP AT PUBLIC HOSPITALS IN EAST HARARGHE ZONE, OROMIA REGIONAL STATE, ETHIOPIA

2023-05-25T06:13:34Z

MAGNITUDE OF COMORBIDITIES AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG ADULT DIABETES PATIENTS ON FOLLOW-UP AT PUBLIC HOSPITALS IN EAST HARARGHE ZONE, OROMIA REGIONAL STATE, ETHIOPIA Nesredin Ahmed (Bsc); Shiferaw Letta; Sagni Girma Background: Diabetes comorbidities have a considerable negative influence on people’s quality of life and healthcare delivery and raise diabetic mortality. However, there is limited information about diabetes comorbidities and risk factors in the study setting. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the magnitude and factors related to diabetes comorbidities among patients with diabetes in East Hararghe, Ethiopia. Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from June 01 to 30, 2022 among 440 patients with diabetes at three public hospitals in East Hararghe, Ethiopia. The participants were selected using systematic random sampling. The data were collected through interviews using a structured questionnaire. Data related to diabetes comorbid and biochemical tests were extracted from medical records. Diabetes comorbidity was dependent variable. A Poisson regression model with robust variance estimation was used to investigate the association of independent variables with comorbidities. An adjusted prevalence ratio with a 95% CI was reported to show an association using a p-value ≤0.05. Results: The magnitude of diabetes comorbidities was 71.1% (95% CI:67.2%-75.6%). Duration of diabetes ≥10 years (APR=1.74; 95% CI: 1.45, 2.08), participants with T2D (APR=1.26;95% CI:1.01-1.59), poor glycemic control (APR=1.17;95% CI:1.02-1.34), nonadherence to diabetes treatment (APR=1.48; 95% CI: 1.15-1.90) and low self-efficacy (APR=1.24;95% CI:1.06-1.44) were factors significantly associated with the diabetes comorbidities. Conclusion: The magnitude of diabetes comorbidities was high, with more than two-thirds of diabetes patients experiencing it. This implies that the diabetes comorbidities are endangering their lives in various ways and increasing the need for medical care. Diabetes co-morbidities were more common among those with poor diabetic medication adherence, low self-efficacy, type 2 diabetes, more than ten years of diabetes treatment, and poor glycemic control. 76