http://ir.haramaya.edu.et//hru/handle/123456789/108 2026-04-20T12:42:53Z http://ir.haramaya.edu.et//hru/handle/123456789/8264 PREVALENCE OF ANEMIA AND ITS ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG UNDER FIVE YEARS CHILDREN VISITING SELECTED HEALTH FACILITIES IN GAROWE CITY, PUTLAND, SOMALIA Juweriyo Jama Gelle (BSc); Jemal Mohammed (MSC, Assistant Professor); Zelalem Teklemariam (MSC, Associate Professor) Background: Anemia is a worldwide public health problem that occurs in all age groups but, under five years children are mostly affected. However, Anemia among children under five in Somalia is a critical public health issue with multifaceted causes and significant consequences. there is no factual data on Garowe Puntland Somalia that can support intervention of under-five children issues like anemia and their associated factors so There are currently no studies in Puntland, particularly in Garowe, that concentrate on under-five children anemia and related issues. As a result, this study will identify the prevalence of anemia in children as well as the factors. Objective: To assess the prevalence of anemia and its associated factors among children under 5 years of age in Garowe, Puntland, Somalia from April, 20 to May 20, 2022. Method and materials: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 308 children aged 6-59 months attending selected health institutions in Garowe city. Data was collected through face-to-face interviews with the mother/caretaker, nutritional assessment, stool examination, blood film for malaria, and dietary diversity score. Anemia was assessed by hemoglobin measurement using HhemocueHB201.Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with anemia, thereby controlling the possible confounding factors. The level of statistical significance was declared at P-value < 0.05. Result: The overall prevalence of anemia in this study was 19.81% (61/308) (95% CI: 15.5, 24.7). The magnitude of severe, moderate, and mild types of anemia were 3.2% (2/61) (95% CI: 0.4,11.4), 40.9% (25/61) (95% CI: 28.6,54.3)) and 55.7% (34/61) (95% CI: 42.5,68.5), respectively. Mother educational status (AOR=5.21; 95 CI:1.33,20.29), monthly family income (AOR=3.17; 95% CI 1.16,8.64), intestinal parasite infection (AOR= 5.95; 95% CI: 2.49,14.20) and malaria (AOR 4.36; 95% CI:1.44,13.19) were negative associations while only this one is preventive fathers’ educational status (AOR 0.23;95% CI: 0.06,0.88), so all these factors associated anemia among under 5 children at Garowe, Puntland, Somalia. Conclusion: In this study, anemia has mild public health significance according to a range of WHO Mothers with read-and-write education and a family having a monthly income of 230 dollars, intestinal parasite, and infection malaria infection were positively identified factors associated with anemia among under 5 children. While preventive factors were only the father xi with secondary education. Therefore, screening for anemia is advised for children under five who visit a health facility with identified factors. 73 2024-07-01T00:00:00Z http://ir.haramaya.edu.et//hru/handle/123456789/7246 MAGNITUDE AND FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH SCABIES AMONG PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN IN GORO GUTU WOREDA, EAST HARARGHE ZONE, ETHIOPIA YAHYA KEMER HASSEN (B.Sc.); Mr. Zelalem Teklemariam (M.Sc., Associate Professor); Mr. Tewodros Tesfa (M.Sc. Assistant Professor) Introduction: Scabies affects more than 300 million people, causing significant morbidity, particularly in nations with few resources. In Ethiopia, guidelines for handling outbreaks have been developed by the federal ministry of health. However, an investigation remains limited to some regions, and health extension workers who can miss cases do diagnosis. Objective: To determine the magnitude and factors associated with scabies among primary school children in Goro Gutu woreda, east Hararghe zone, Oromia region, Ethiopia, from October 20 to November 20, 2022. Method: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 460 primary school children in the Goro Gutu woreda from October 20 to November 20, 2022. Data were collected using a pre-tested, structured questionnaire and a physical examination. Dates were analyzed using Stata version 15. Bivariable and multivariable analyses were employed to identify factors associated with scabies. Finally, the statistical significance level was declared at a p value less than 0.05. Result: The overall magnitude of scabies was 11.4% [(95%CI: 8, 14)]. Lower grade level of (1-4 grade) (AOR=3.09, 95%CI (1.32, 7.25)], family of illiterate father (AOR=2.68, 95%CI (1.32, 5.44)] and not taking bath with water and soap [AOR=3.22, 95%CI (1.07, 9.66)] were factors significantly associated with scabies. Conclusion: Schoolchildren in the Goro Gutu district of eastern Ethiopia had high scabies rates based on the 2015 Ethiopian guideline for control of scabies outbreaks, which strongly correlated with children's grade level, fathers' educational status, and the frequency of taking a bath with soap and water. Improving the hygienic behavior of students in institutions and communities is recommended. 55 2023-07-01T00:00:00Z http://ir.haramaya.edu.et//hru/handle/123456789/6008 HEPATITIS B VIRUS INFECTION AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG DIABETIC ADULT PATIENTS ATTENDING HARAMAYA GENERAL HOSPITAL, HARAMAYA, EASTERN ETHIOPIA Adnan Abdi Yuyo; Desalegn Admassu (PhD, Asst. Professor); Jemal Mohammed (Msc, Asst. Professor) Background: Hepatitis B Virus infection and diabetes mellitus are major health problems associated with significant morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Patients suffering from Diabetes Mellitus incur high risk of infection with hepatotropic viruses because of frequent hospitalization.Hepatitis B virus infection can cause chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma. However, there is limited report on the magnitude of Hepatitis B virus infection among diabetic patients in eastern part of Ethiopia. Objective:To assess the prevalenceof Hepatitis B virus infection and associated factors among diabetic adult patients attending Haramaya General Hospital from August 8 to August30 2021,G.C. Methods:An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted in diabetic clinic attendants. A total of 365 participants were selected usingconsecutive sampling technique. Data on socio-demographic feature and other associated factors were collected using a pretested questionnaire. Blood sample was collected; serum was separated and tested for HBsAg sero status using rapid diagnostic kit (ACONhepatitis B surface antigen Laboratories rapid test kit, USA). Data were entered to Epi data version 4.6.0.2 software, exported toanalyze by SPSS version 26. Logistic regression was used to assess association of HBV Diabetes co-infection with the independent factors. All tests were two-sided with α level of 0.05. A P-value less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: In this study, a total of 365 participants were enrolled, 243(66.3%) male, and 122(33.7%) females with a mean age of 42.24 (± SD 10.2). The total seroprevalence of HBsAg among diabetic patients was 7.4% (95% CI=4.71–10.08). Having multiple sexual partners was significantly associated with HBV co-infection among diabetic patients[AOR=2.92, 95% CI: 1.2–7.08]. Conclusion:Intermediate prevalence of HBV infection was reported among diabetic patients.Therefore, systematic screening for HBsAg is recommended among diabetic patients during their follow for a better outcome and to reduce the risk of HBV transmission. 62 2022-08-01T00:00:00Z http://ir.haramaya.edu.et//hru/handle/123456789/4600 A RESEARCH PROPOSAL TO BE SUBMITTED TO SCHOOL OF MEDICINE, COLLEGE OF HEALTH AND MEDICAL SCIENCES, HARAMAYAUNIVERSITY FOR THE PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR SPECIALITY CERTIFICATE IN PEDIATRICS AND CHILD HEALTH EDRIS, DR YUNUS(MD); Abdurahman, Dr. Hanan (Pediatrician); Weldegebreal, Mr. Fitsum (MSc, Assistant Professor) Background: Neural tube defects account for most congenital anomalies of the central nervous system. Globally, it is estimated that approximately 300,000 babies are born each year with Neural tube defects, resulting in approximately 88,000 deaths and 8.6 million disability-adjusted life years. Despite the national burden of the disease, studies that assess the national magnitude and their associated factors are limited. As far as our knowledge, no previous study is present to determine the magnitude of neural tube defects and their associated factors in the study area. Objective: This study aims to determine the magnitude of neural tube defects and their associated factors among neonates admitted to neonatology unit at Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital, Harar, Ethiopia from December 15, 2019 to February 15, 2020 Method: A hospital-based cross-sectional study will be employed. All neonates and their respective mothers who are admitted to HFSUH neonatal unit during the study period will be included with non-probability convenience sampling technique. Sample size will be 420. Data will be collected using a structured questionnaire, entered into Epi Data version 4.1, transferred and analyzed using SPSS version 21.0 software. Descriptive statistics including frequency and proportions, means will be calculated. The odds ratio at 95% confidence interval will be used to check for the strength of the association between dependent and independent variables. Statistically significant will be declared at P-value < 0.05. Expected outcome: High prevalence of neural tube defect will be expected from this study since previous studies from developing countries show a high prevalence of neural tube defect. Budget: To conduct this study a total of 25000.0 ETB birr will be required. 49 2019-12-01T00:00:00Z