Environmental Health
http://ir.haramaya.edu.et//hru/handle/123456789/198
2024-03-29T14:02:13ZHOUSEHOLDS PLASTIC WASTE MANAGEMENT PRACTICE AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG HOUSHOLDS IN HARAR TOWN, EASTERN ETHIOPIA
http://ir.haramaya.edu.et//hru/handle/123456789/7652
HOUSEHOLDS PLASTIC WASTE MANAGEMENT PRACTICE AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG HOUSHOLDS IN HARAR TOWN, EASTERN ETHIOPIA
Biruk Tesfaye; Dr. Abraham Geremew; Dr. Tesfaye Gobena
Plastic wastes impose serious environmental pollutions and health problems in
humans and animals. These problems are worsened in low-income countries like Ethiopia.
Evidence on how households plastic wate management, dispose and perception about its impacts
on environmental is limited in Eastern part of Ethiopia, particularly in Harar town, Harari region.
Objective: To assess the household plastic waste management practices and associated factors
among households in Harar town, Eastern Ethiopia from 01/04/2023-30/04/2023.
Methods: Community-based cross-sectional study design was conducted among 420 randomly
selected households. The source populatios was all households in six urban districts in the Harari
region while the study population was the randomly selected household in three urban districts in
the Harar town. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire through face-to-face
interview. The cleaned data were entered into Epidata version 3.5.1 then exported to SPSS
version 22 for analysis. Logistic regression was applied. The variables with p-value of ≤0.25
from binary logistic regression were candidate for multivariable logistic regression to determine
associated factor with the outcome and declared significantly associated when p-value ≤0.05.
Results: In this study, the prevalence of proper plastic waste management practice was 68.8%
with 95%CI (65.0, 73.6). Of the total participants, 216 (51.4%) of participants had poor
perception on the environmental impact of plastic wastes. Factors scuh as being female [AOR=
0.50, 95%CI: 0.30, 0.79], secondary education AOR=2.88, 95% CI (1.12, 7.43)], preparatory
education [AOR=3.41, 95% CI (1.38, 8.43)] and had good attitude [AOR=2.07, 95%CI: (1.32,
3.27)] were significantly associated with proper plastic waste management practice.
Conclusions and recommendations: In this study, nearly 69% of the households practice
proper plastic waste management, while 31% practices improper plastic waste
management,which seriously raised the risk of the negative impact on human health.Factors such
as sex, Being attending secondary and preparatory school,and being perceived that plastic waste
can be a resource, were factors remained significant predictors of plastic waste management
practice after adjustment for potential confounders.Thus, the Harari health and municipality
offices should made unreserved effors to create awareness and educate the community about
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plastic waste management practice to increase the knowledge of householders regarding waste
management practices.
81p.
2023-12-01T00:00:00ZOccupational Injuries and Associated Factors among Small Scale Industry Workers in Harar Town, Eastern Ethiopia
http://ir.haramaya.edu.et//hru/handle/123456789/7417
Occupational Injuries and Associated Factors among Small Scale Industry Workers in Harar Town, Eastern Ethiopia
Desi Debelu Balemie; Mr. Sina Temesgen; Mr. Negga Baraki
Background: Small-scale enterprises are among the highest ranked industry in terms of risks for occupational injuries. The rate of the injuries is high in middle and low-income countries, including Ethiopia. In Harar town, it is clear that most of small-scale enterprises lack adequate occupational health and safety materials to prevent workplace hazards and injuries. Besides this, there is a limited evidence on the prevalence of occupational-related injuries among small-scale enterprises in Harartown that can be important to take actions.
Objective: This study aims to determine the prevalence of occupational injuries and associated factors among small-scale enterprises workers in Harar town from April 12, 2023 to June 1, 2023.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Harar town, Eastern Ethiopia from April 12, 2023 to June 1, 2023. Harar town small-scale enterprises workers and workers working in selected small-scale enterprises were source of population and study population, respectively. A total of 639 participants were included in the study from 281 small-scale enterprises workers. A simple random sampling method was used to select the participants after proportional allocation of study participants. Finally, the data was analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 22. A p-value of <0.05 was considered as a cut of point for statistical significance.
Results: Among 639small-scaleindustry workers, 634 (99.2% response rate) were iterveiwed of which, 417 (65.8%) were exposed to injuries at least once in their carrier while 223 (35.2%) and 182(28.7%) were exposed to injury in the last year and last month, respectively. The most common body parts exposed to injury were hand, leg and finger that was 349(34.11%), 298 (29.13.0%) and 273 (26.69%), respectively. There was an association between types of industry (AOR: 2.41, 95% CI: 1.07, 5.46), educational status (AOR: 2.49, 95%CI: 1.01, 2.83), training (AOR: 1.4, 95%CI: 1.35, 3.22), working space (AOR: 4.6, 95% CI: 2.62, 7.51) and woark load (AOR: 2.88, 9.40: 95% CI; 2.78, 11.64).
Conclusion: About 6 out of 10 small-scale enterprises workers were exposed to injuries in their carrier time. More than one third of small-scale enterprize workers were exposed to injury in the last year. There were an association between occupational injury and being working in different industry, educational status, training, working space and workload. This indicates that there is a need in implementation of occupational health and safety practices, including training for SSI workers, supportive supervision.
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2023-10-01T00:00:00ZRURAL WATER SUPPLY SCHEMES FUNCTIONALITY STATUS AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS IN GURSUM WOREDA, EAST HARARGHE ZONE, EASTERN ETHIOPIA, 2023
http://ir.haramaya.edu.et//hru/handle/123456789/7260
RURAL WATER SUPPLY SCHEMES FUNCTIONALITY STATUS AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS IN GURSUM WOREDA, EAST HARARGHE ZONE, EASTERN ETHIOPIA, 2023
Yared Gashaw (BSc.); Abraham Geremew (PhD, Assistant Professor); Sina Temesgen (PhD Candidate, Assistant Professor)
Background: A high rate of non-functionality status of the water supply schemes developed has
been observed both at the national and regional levels, implying a negative impact on the
country’s water supply and sanitation coverage. If the causes of this higher non-functionality
status are known, the problem can be minimised by undertaking the appropriate interventions in
the sector in the Woreda.
Objective: The main objective of this study is thus to assess the status of functionality and
associated factors of rural water supply schemes in Gursum woreda from March20th
to May30th
,
2023.
Methods and Materials:Cross-sectional design using mixed quantitative and qualitative data
collection methods was applied. A sampling procedure with both probability and non-probability
sampling method was used to identify 120 water points. The numerical part of the data had been
analyzed using Epi Data version 4.6 after reviewing and checking data exported to SPSS version
23 statistical software and for analysis and the result has been presented through tables, graphs
and charts and the word parts in the narration form.
Result: The study found that 85(70.83.7%) were functional and 35(29.17%) non-functional and
evaluated the functionality status using water quantity(16 lcpd),accessibility(750m distance and
45 min queing time) and reliability(42.75 % service interruption) indicators, identify
determinant factors affecting rural water supply schemes functionality status scores 3.22;out of
120 schemes studied 89(74.17%) of them were potentially good.
Conclusion: This study concludes that lack of community participation during planning, technology
selection and post construction management, limited ability in managing their water supply
schemes, the absence of relevant training and technical experts at the community level, inaccessibility
lack of affordable of hand tools, spare parts at the community level are major factors affecting
functionality. Moreover, some wells were failed to function due to low yield seasonal variation,
and lack of drinking water for domestic animals during dry seasons and nonfunctionally have
affected the adequacy of the water supply in the study community. For operation and
maintenance, the money collected from the community should be managed properly furthermore
the survey showed that the beneficiary requires different support from stakeholders to enhances
functionality status of rural water supply schemes.
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2023-10-01T00:00:00ZCOMPLIANCE WITH INFECTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL PRACTICE AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG HEALTH CARE WORKERS IN PUBLIC HOSPITALS OF HARAR TOWN, EASTERN ETHIOPIA
http://ir.haramaya.edu.et//hru/handle/123456789/7250
COMPLIANCE WITH INFECTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL PRACTICE AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG HEALTH CARE WORKERS IN PUBLIC HOSPITALS OF HARAR TOWN, EASTERN ETHIOPIA
Muaz Mohammed(BSc); Mr. Sina Temesgen (Assistant Professor, PhD Fellow); Mr. Negga Baraki (MPH, Assistant Professor)
Background: Infection in healthcare facilities is a major public health problem in most
developing countries like Ethiopia. Currently, the overall incidence of health care associated
infectionsand the burden of the infections had been highly increasing.There is limited evidence
on compliance with infection prevention and control practices in Ethiopia;particularly,among
health care workersinpublic hospitals of Harar town.
Objectives: To assess compliance with infection prevention and control practicesand associated
factors among Health care workers in public hospital of Harar Town, Eastern Ethiopia.
Methods:An institution based cross-sectional study was conducted among health professionals
withinpublic Hospitals in Harar Town from May 15 to June 30, 2023.The questionnaire was used
to collect data from sample of 280 health care workers by using simple random sampling
technique. The data were collected using self-administeredquestionnaires and observational
check list. The Epidataversion 3.1 and SPSS version 22 were used for analysis. Both bivariate
and multivariable logistic regression analysis were assesed the association between independent
variables and the outcome variable. Odds ratios at 95%CI were computed to measure the
strength of association between outcomes and explanatory variables and P-value less than 0.05
used as acute off point for statistically significant.
Results:-A total of 280 healthcare workers participated in the study with a response rate of
100%. Out of the total respondents, 162 (57.90%) [95% CI = 52.10, 64.30] good complied with
IPC; practice, while118(42.1%) poor complied with IPCpractice.The multivariate logistic
regression found thatknowledge (AOR=3.36, 95% CI=1.71, 6.71), hand hygiene practice
(AOR=4.90, 95% CI=2.38, 10.17), PPE practice (AOR=11.37, 95% CI=5.27, 24.54), sharp
handling practice (AOR=6.21, 95% CI=3.04, 12.69), and monitoring and evaluation (AOR=5.36,
95% CI=2.59, 11.14) were significantly associated with compliance to standard precautions.
Conclusions:The study concluded that more than half of respondents were complied with
standard precaution practice.The study also identifiedknowledge, hand hygiene practice, PPE
practice, sharp handling practice and monitoring and evaluationwere significantly associated
with compliancewithstandard precautions
2023-10-01T00:00:00Z