Veterinary Public Health
http://ir.haramaya.edu.et//hru/handle/123456789/241
2024-03-29T12:25:08ZASSESSMENT OF HYGIENIC PRACTICE, ISOLATION AND ANTIBIOGRAM PROFILES OF Staphylococcus aureus FROM GOAT MEAT AT BUTCHER HOUSE IN CHELENKO AND KULUBI TOWNS, EASTERN ETHIOPIA
http://ir.haramaya.edu.et//hru/handle/123456789/7661
ASSESSMENT OF HYGIENIC PRACTICE, ISOLATION AND ANTIBIOGRAM PROFILES OF Staphylococcus aureus FROM GOAT MEAT AT BUTCHER HOUSE IN CHELENKO AND KULUBI TOWNS, EASTERN ETHIOPIA
Bayan Ahmed Mumed; Mohammed Jafer (DVM, MSc, Assist. Prof.); Dinaol Belina (DVM, MSc, Assoc. Prof)
Staphylococcus aureus from meat is great global public health issue especially in developing country like Ethiopia. A Cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2022 to March 2023 to assess goat meat handling practice and the prevalence of S. aureus with antimicrobial susceptibility profile at Chelenko and Kulubi towns. A total of 206 swab samples were collected from goat meat and environmental sample, and examined for the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus. All samples were exposed to serial dilution to determine S. aureus load in goat meat from butcher house. Moreover, a total of 42 butcher’s house workers having different demography were interviewed on the meat handling practice. Among 206 total samples, 120 from goat meat, 86 contact surface from butcher shop, examined for prevalence of S. aureus, 24.8% over all prevalence of organism were isolated. Depending on the type of sample, the highest prevalence was recorded in cutting boards swab sample (35%) followed by worker hands (30.8%), while the lowest prevalence was recorded from meat sample (20.8%). Similarly, depending on origin of sample higher prevalence was found in Chelenko (27.2%) than Kulubi town (22.3%) in meat swab sample. There was no significance difference (p>0.05) observed in prevalence of S. aureus between town and type of sample. The mean counts of S. aureus were 5.56±0.276 (log10 / CFU/cm2 and 5.42±0.309 (log10 / CFU/cm2) Chelenko and Kulubi Towns respectively. There was no significant difference was observed in the load of S. aureus within source of sample in both Towns (P> 0.05). S. aureus isolated from goat meat showed a high level of resistance to amoxicillin (66.7%), penicillin-G (62.8%), and ampicillin (52.7%), while vancomycin, gentamycin and kanamycin showed high susceptibilities of 94%, 88.2% and 86.3% respectively. A questionnaire survey was also employed to assess the hygienic handling practices and possible risk factors regarding the contamination of goat meat at study area. Presence of low quality of meat handling practice and community awareness on the meat hygiene were observed at both Towns. This was supported by insignificant distribution of Staphylococcus aureus across sampling locations and site. Therefore, community awareness creation on hygienic meat handling was recommended.
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2023-12-01T00:00:00ZCHICKEN MEAT HANDLING PRACTICES, AND THE LOAD OF SALMONELLA AND CAMPYLOBACTER CONTAMINATION IN HARAR CITY, EASTERN ETHIOPIA
http://ir.haramaya.edu.et//hru/handle/123456789/7580
CHICKEN MEAT HANDLING PRACTICES, AND THE LOAD OF SALMONELLA AND CAMPYLOBACTER CONTAMINATION IN HARAR CITY, EASTERN ETHIOPIA
Mohammed Ahmed; Sisay Girma ( Assist. Prof.); Prof. Kebede Amenu
Salmonella and Campylobacter continue to be major foodborne pathogens and contaminated
raw chicken meat is considered to be an important source of these bacteria. To address this
issue an experimental study was conducted from June to December 2023 to estimate the
contamination burden of Salmonella and Campylobacter in chicken meat and the processing
equipment slaughtered at household level and assessing the hygienic practice in Harar City.
A total of 120 households were randomly selected from the total household census of Harar
city regardless of their religious, income and ethnicity. The households were provided with
live chicken, and they used to slaughter according to the regular practice they follow. A total
of 480 samples were collected which include: chicken neck flap, cloaca and surface swabs
from food processing equipment before and after slaughtering chicken at home. For the
microbiological assessment, discarding four samples and the remaining were exposed to
serial dilution to determine Salmonella and Campylobacter load. Out of the total 476 samples
examined, 78(16.4 %) were positive for Campylobacter and 16(3.4%) positive for
Salmonella. Campylobacter was recorded from 17(14.3%), 40(33.6%), 1(0.8%), and 20
(16.8%) of chicken neck flap, cloaca swab, food processing equipment surface before
processing and food processing equipment surface after processing respectively whereas the
record of Salmonella was detected in 9 (7.6%), 3(2.5%), 2(1.7%) and 2(1.7%) of the
respective samples. A high isolation rate of Campylobacter was observed in cloaca (33.6%)
and a high isolation rate of Salmonella was observed on neck flap (7.66%). The load of
Campylobacter on different samples showed that in log10 cfu/ml 5.36, 6.62 and 3.53 was
detected on neck flap, cloaca and FSA respectively. Whereas the respective load of
Salmonella on samples showed that; 2.68 and 3.74 was detected on neck flap and cloaca
swab samples. Observational assessment of the chicken meat handling practices in household
identified some wrong practices. The households’ practices of washing kitchen utensils and
chicken meat were poor, and the isolation rate and load of Salmonella and Campylobacter
were high. Based on these results, recommendations related to public awareness on
appropriate handling of raw chicken meat; like cleaning utensils properly before and after
use to reduce cross-contamination were forwarded.
90p.
2023-12-01T00:00:00ZCHICKEN MEAT HANDLING PRACTICES, AND THE LOAD OF SALMONELLA AND CAMPYLOBACTER CONTAMINATION IN HARAR CITY, EASTERN ETHIOPIA
http://ir.haramaya.edu.et//hru/handle/123456789/7547
CHICKEN MEAT HANDLING PRACTICES, AND THE LOAD OF SALMONELLA AND CAMPYLOBACTER CONTAMINATION IN HARAR CITY, EASTERN ETHIOPIA
Mohammed Ahmed; Sisay Girma ( Assist. Prof.); Prof. Kebede Amenu
Salmonella and Campylobacter continue to be major foodborne pathogens and contaminated
raw chicken meat is considered to be an important source of these bacteria. To address this
issue an experimental study was conducted from June to December 2023 to estimate the
contamination burden of Salmonella and Campylobacter in chicken meat and the processing
equipment slaughtered at household level and assessing the hygienic practice in Harar City.
A total of 120 households were randomly selected from the total household census of Harar
city regardless of their religious, income and ethnicity. The households were provided with
live chicken, and they used to slaughter according to the regular practice they follow. A total
of 480 samples were collected which include: chicken neck flap, cloaca and surface swabs
from food processing equipment before and after slaughtering chicken at home. For the
microbiological assessment, discarding four samples and the remaining were exposed to
serial dilution to determine Salmonella and Campylobacter load. Out of the total 476 samples
examined, 78(16.4 %) were positive for Campylobacter and 16(3.4%) positive for
Salmonella. Campylobacter was recorded from 17(14.3%), 40(33.6%), 1(0.8%), and 20
(16.8%) of chicken neck flap, cloaca swab, food processing equipment surface before
processing and food processing equipment surface after processing respectively whereas the
record of Salmonella was detected in 9 (7.6%), 3(2.5%), 2(1.7%) and 2(1.7%) of the
respective samples. A high isolation rate of Campylobacter was observed in cloaca (33.6%)
and a high isolation rate of Salmonella was observed on neck flap (7.66%). The load of
Campylobacter on different samples showed that in log10 cfu/ml 5.36, 6.62 and 3.53 was
detected on neck flap, cloaca and FSA respectively. Whereas the respective load of
Salmonella on samples showed that; 2.68 and 3.74 was detected on neck flap and cloaca
swab samples. Observational assessment of the chicken meat handling practices in household
identified some wrong practices. The households’ practices of washing kitchen utensils and
chicken meat were poor, and the isolation rate and load of Salmonella and Campylobacter
were high. Based on these results, recommendations related to public awareness on
appropriate handling of raw chicken meat; like cleaning utensils properly before and after
use to reduce cross-contamination were forwarded
90p.
2023-12-01T00:00:00ZISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF Escherichia coli FROM RAW COW MILK AND THE POSSIBLE SOURCE OF CONTAMINATION IN DAIRY FARMS FOUND IN AND AROUND HARAMAYA EASTERN HARERGHE, ETHIOPIA
http://ir.haramaya.edu.et//hru/handle/123456789/7391
ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF Escherichia coli FROM RAW COW MILK AND THE POSSIBLE SOURCE OF CONTAMINATION IN DAIRY FARMS FOUND IN AND AROUND HARAMAYA EASTERN HARERGHE, ETHIOPIA
Mohammedkemal Mustefa Ame; Dr. Shimelis Mengistu
Escherichia coli have been spread by contamination of milk through unhygienic handling of
dairy workers, and unsanitary milk utensils. A cross-sectional study was conducted from July
2021 to February 2022 at in and around Haramaya, Eastern Hararghe, Ethiopia. To assess
the occurrence of Escherichia coli from raw cow milk obtained from a dairy farm, assess the
source of raw cow milk contamination and the extent to which milking activities and milking
equipment are a cause of contamination and determine drug antimicrobial susceptibility
patterns of Escherichia coli isolates. A total of 210 samples, including milk handlers, milking
environment, and milk utensils swab (90), bulk milk (60), and udder milk (60) samples. To
evaluate their sanitary behavior and observation, a questionnaire was created and given to
dairy farm milk producers. After the samples were examined for the presence of 69 (32.9)
positive samples for Escherichia coli. The statistically significant differences in the
prevalence of E. coli in milk among the potential risk factors included the age of the cow
(p=0.002), body condition (p=0.014), farm size (p=0.000), udder cleaning (p=0.011), and
floor condition (p=0.019). All strains of E. coli were found to be sensitive to norfloxacin and
chloramphenicol according to the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns used in the current
investigation. All isolates of E. coli were not susceptible to spectinomycin, vancomycin, and
penicillin although kanamycin (33.3%), tetracycline (34.8%), and erythromycin (23.2%)
gained in this study may have been overused because of a lack of access to effective therapy
or use for minor illnesses. The present study concluded that the possible source of
contamination of milk obtained from swab was higher compared to that of bulk and udder
milk. Also, high antibiotic resistances were found in the swab samples. The study suggested
that more efforts are needed to improve milk hygiene and quality
89p.
2023-03-01T00:00:00Z