Adult Health Nursing

PREVALENCE, TREND, AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS OF CONGENITAL ANOMALIES AMONG NEWBORNS IN KERSA HEALTH AND DEMOGRAPHIC SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM, EASTERN ETHIOPIA: AN EIGHT YEARS CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY

Sat, 01 Jun 2024 00:00:00 GMT

PREVALENCE, TREND, AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS OF CONGENITAL ANOMALIES AMONG NEWBORNS IN KERSA HEALTH AND DEMOGRAPHIC SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM, EASTERN ETHIOPIA: AN EIGHT YEARS CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY MULUKEN KUMERA DIDISSA (BSc. N); Dr. TESFAYE. A (PhD, ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR); Mr. YOHANNES. B (MSc , ASSISTANT PROFESSOR) Background: Congenital anomaly is defined as structural or functional anomalies that occur during intrauterine life. Although some institution-based studies estimated the prevalence of congenital anomalies in Ethiopia, the findings could not be generalizable to the community. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence, trend, and associated factors of congenital anomalies among newborns in Kersa District, Oromia regional state, Eastern Ethiopia. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was conducted among newborns. The study used Kersa Health and Demographic Surveillance System data from 2015 to 2022. Kersa Health and Demographic Surveillance System tracks demographic and health changes in the community. The data was extracted from the database by using a checklist prepared from the literature that addresses the study objectives. The extracted data was exported to SPSS version 26.0 for Analysis. The prevalence of congenital anomalies was estimated. The associated factors of congenital anomalies were identified using binary logistic regression; the significance was declared at a p-value of < 0.05 and considering 95% CI of the adjusted odds ratio. Results: In this study, 27,350 newborns were included. The prevalence of congenital anomalies was 0.38% (3.83 per 1000 live births). During 2015-2022, the prevalence of congenital anomalies showed an increasing pattern. It was significantly associated with the age of the mother older than 35 years (AOR: 1.68, 95% CI: 1.07, 2.62), place of birth (AOR: 2.04, 95% CI: 1.04, 4.02), and birth weight (AOR=0.14, 95% CI: 0.04, 0.47). Conclusion: The trend of congenital anomalies at the Kersa Health and Demographic Surveillance system showed an increasing trend. It was significantly associated with age of the mother, place of birth, and birth weight. Therefore, maternal care during pregnancy that can modify fetal-maternal Health should be strengthened; and it should get special consideration during the epidemic problem. Further longitudinal study is important to support the findings of the study. 46

NECROTIZING ENTEROCOLITIS AND ITS ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG PRETERM NEONATES ADMITTED TO NEONATAL INTENSIVE CARE UNITS OF PUBLIC HOSPITALS OF HARAR TOWN AND DIRE DAWA CITY ADMINISTRATION, EASTERN ETHIOPIA

Tue, 01 Oct 2024 00:00:00 GMT

NECROTIZING ENTEROCOLITIS AND ITS ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG PRETERM NEONATES ADMITTED TO NEONATAL INTENSIVE CARE UNITS OF PUBLIC HOSPITALS OF HARAR TOWN AND DIRE DAWA CITY ADMINISTRATION, EASTERN ETHIOPIA MULUALEM ADDIS (BSC); Mr. Adera Debella (Assistant professor); Mr. Genanaw Atnafe (Assistant professor) Background: Necrotizing Enterocolitis is the most common multifactorial and devastating gastrointestinal medical/surgical emergency that primarily affects premature neonates. It has a much higher burden in developing countries, particularly Ethiopia. However, there are limited studies on the prevalence and associated factors of necrotizing enterocolitis in Ethiopia and no study in the study area. Objective: To assess the prevalence of Necrotizing Enterocolitis and associated factors among preterm neonates admitted to Neonatal intensive care unit of Public Hospitals of Harar Town and Dire Dawa City Administration from 1 June 2020 to 30 June 2023 which was collected from June 20 to 30, 2024. Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study design was employed among 471 preterm neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital and Dilchora referral hospital. The study participants were selected using a systematic random sampling technique. Data were collected by using a structured checklist from neonates’ card reviews. Data were collected by using a checklist through the Kobo tool and analyzed by using the SPSS-27 statistical package. Bi-variable and multivariable logistic regression analysis were carried out to distinguish the relationship between dependent and independent variables. The significance of statistical association was tested by a 95% confidence interval (CI) and p-value <0.005. Results: The prevalence of Necrotizing Enterocolitis among neonates was 90 (19.2%) [95% CI :(.158, .231)]. Having gestational age 28+1-32 week [P=0.007, AOR=2.78, 95% CI: (1.32, 5.86)], birth weight between 1000-1499 [AOR= 3.11, 95% CI:(1.65,5.87)], APGAR score 4-6 [AOR=7.62, 95% CI:(1.23,47.01), use of CPAP ventilation [AOR=3.00, 95% CI:(1.47,6.13)], neonates born from mothers with PROM [AOR=3.46, 95% CI:(1.12,8.688)], neonates born from mothers with prolonged labor [AOR= 2.09, 95% CI:(1.09, 4.00)], neonates born from mothers with chronic disease/hypertension [AOR= 2.52, 95% CI:(1.25, 5.05)] and who fed formula milk [AOR=5.92, 95% CI:( 1.22, 28.61)] were factors significantly associated with NEC. Conclusions and recommendations: In this study, nearly one-fifth of preterm neonates developed necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in the study area. Factors such as gestational age between 28+1-32, birth weight between 1000-1499, APGAR score between 4-6, neonates born from mothers with prolonged labor, neonates born from mothers with chronic disease/hypertension, use of CPAP ventilation, formula milk, and neonates born from mothers with PROM were independent predictors of necrotizing enterocolitis. Finally, I recommend that there is a need to strengthen NICUs with proper equipment and trained staff, along with promoting breastfeeding support programs is recommended. Local health authorities and policymakers should enhance maternal and neonatal care, while researchers are urged to explore NEC prevention strategies. 62

ANTIHYPERTENSIVE MEDICATION ADHERENCE AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG ADULT HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS AT PUBLIC HOSPITALS IN EAST HARARGHE ZONE, EASTERN ETHIOPIA

Wed, 01 May 2024 00:00:00 GMT

ANTIHYPERTENSIVE MEDICATION ADHERENCE AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG ADULT HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS AT PUBLIC HOSPITALS IN EAST HARARGHE ZONE, EASTERN ETHIOPIA JEMAL YOUSUF MUMME (BSc); Indeshaw Ketema (MSc, Assistant Professor); Dr. Kedir Teji (PhD, Associate Professor) Background: Adherence refers to the extent to which a person’s behavior of taking medication and making healthy life style changes corresponds with recommendations from the medical or health care providers’ advice. Poor adherence to AHM is an obstacle in the management hypertension and responsible for two-third (2/3) uncontrolled hypertension which results hypertensive complications, infrequent hospital admission, increased health care costs, reduced quality of life, and poor clinical outcome. Objective: To assess antihypertensive medication adherence and associated factors among adult hypertensive patients at selected public hospitals in East Hararghe Zone, Oromia Regional state, Eastern Ethiopia, from August 20, 2023 to September 20, 2023. Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 364 adult hypertensive patients on follow up at selected public hospitals in eastern Ethiopia. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select the study participants. Data were collected by trained data collectors and supervisors using a pretested structured questionnaire through face-to-face interview and a review of medical charts. Data were coded, entered into Epi-Data version 3.1, and analyzed using STATA version 17.0. Factors associated with medication adherence in the bivariate logistic analysis at a P-value of less than 0.25 were taken to the multivariable logistic analysis to determine factors significantly associated with outcome variable after controlling the confounding variables. An adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval was used to measure the strength of associations and a P-value <0.05 was used to declare statistical significance. Results: The overall level of antihypertensive medication adherence was 59.94% (95% CI: 54.65-65.06). Age between 40-59 years (AOR= 0.41; 95% CI: 0.20-0.84), urban residence (AOR= 2.32; 95% CI: 1.39-3.89), Collage and above education level (AOR= 5.8; 95% CI: 2.69- 12.5), duration of treatment greater than or equal to five years (AOR= 3.36; 95% CI: 1.23-9.19), having knowledge about hypertension and its treatment (AOR= 1.81; 95% CI: 1.07-3.06), distance to healthcare facility less than 10 km’s (AOR= 4.82; 95% CI: 2.06-11.24), having social support (AOR= 1.77; 95% CI: 1.03-3.02), and taking three and above medications (AOR = 0.23; 95% CI: 0.107-0.52) have shown statistically significant association with medication adherence. Conclusion and Recommendations: In this study, the magnitude of medication adherence was found to be very low. Factors such as age, residence, educational status, duration of treatment, social support, knowledge, distance from healthcare facility, and number of medications have shown statistically significant association with medication adherence. The government and health bureau should increase accessibility of healthcare facility, strengthen behavior of supporting each other and healthcare professionals have to simplify treatment regimen and educate the patients about hypertension and its treatment. 83

HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE AND ITS ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG CHILDREN AGED 8- 18 YEARS OLD LIVING IN PREVIOUS LEPROSY AND NON-LEPROSY SETTLEMENT AREAS IN EASTERN ETHIOPIA: A COMPARATIVE CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Sat, 01 Jun 2024 00:00:00 GMT

HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE AND ITS ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG CHILDREN AGED 8- 18 YEARS OLD LIVING IN PREVIOUS LEPROSY AND NON-LEPROSY SETTLEMENT AREAS IN EASTERN ETHIOPIA: A COMPARATIVE CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY Siraj Aliyi Adem; Assefa Desalew (MSc, Asst.Prof); Dr.Kedir Urgesa (PhD) Background:Cured leprosy children and their families have shown a poorer life quality than the general population, with the leprosarium group being worse than the control group. However, there is limited evidence on the health-related quality of life and its associated factors among children living in previous leprosy settlement areas in eastern Ethiopia. Objectives: Tocompare the status of health-related quality of life and its associated factors among children aged 8 -18 years living in previous leprosy and non-leprosysettlement areas in eastern Ethiopia from October 15 to December 15, 2023. Method: Community-based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among randomly selected 515 children aged 8 to 18 years old living in Amir Nur and Babbile Woreda. Data was collected through interviews using the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Version 4 tool. The data was entered into Epi Data version 3.1 and analyzed using STATA version 14. Simple and multiple linear regression wereemployed to determine the association between independent variables. Results:The overall mean health-related quality of life score in the child report was 73.98 ± 18.47 vs 77.67 ± 14.72 (P=0.01) and 55.78 ± 12.03 vs 55.61±8.50 (P=0.85) in the parent proxy report respectively.In multiple linear regression, childeducational status(β =14.69; 95% CI: -8.69 -20.69), absence of neglected and tropical diseases (β = 4.02; 95% CI: 0.66 -7.37), and child face washing habits (β = 5.54, 95% CI, 2.14 to 8.95) per day increase health-related quality of life. Whilea previous history of any ofneglected and tropical diseases(β = -8.54; 95% CI -12.93 - - 4.15),the absence of hand washing facilities (β = -8.57; 95% CI, -15.22 - -1.92) for the house decreasedmean health-related quality of life. Conclusion: Overall,one in four and more thanhalf of children had poor health-related quality of life in the child report and parent proxy report respectively. The educational status of the child, absence of neglected tropical diseases, and child face washing habits per day increase health related quality of life. But previous history of neglected and tropical diseases, the absence of a hand washing facility for the house decreasedthe mean health-related quality of life of children.To improve the health-related quality of life, stakeholders shall pay attention toand work on early detection and treatment of neglected tropical diseases, child education, and proper sanitation practices in this community. 72