http://ir.haramaya.edu.et//hru/handle/123456789/26 Wed, 10 Jun 2026 10:29:33 GMT 2026-06-10T10:29:33Z http://ir.haramaya.edu.et//hru/handle/123456789/8484 IMPACTS OF CLIMATE VARIABILITY AND ADAPTATION STRATEGIES OF PASTORAL COMMUNITY, KORRAHE ZONE, SOMALI REGIONAL STATE, ETHIOPIA Mahamud Mahamed Abdi; Solomon Tekalign (PhD); Sitotaw Haile (PhD) Climate variability has become a major concern locally and globally that has negative impacts on the sustainability of livelihoods as well as socio-economic and environmental welfare. Local pastoral community’s adaptation strategies need all-inclusive support to safeguard their livestock based crucial livelihood option. The purpose of this study was to explore impacts of climate variability and to identify adaptation strategies of the pastoral community of Korahe Zone. The study was conducted in three kebeles of Kabridahar district, Somali region. In this study a mixed research design was applied. A total of 284 sample data collected from three selected kebeles. Qualitative data were collected from 4 key informants and 7 focus groups discussions. The climate variability trend was assessed using standardized precipitation index (SPI), Likert rating scale, and multinomial logit model. Historical climate data over the past 30 years recorded by National Metrological Agency from Kabridahar stations were examined using descriptive analysis (frequencies, mean and standard deviation). The climate trend and variability analysis findings over the last 30 years shown that generally there is a decreasing trend of rainfall while temperature is increasing. As a result, the pastoral communities have been suffering to hunt their main livelihoods; livestock pasture and water. The impact of climate variability in the study area has reduced livestock number and mobility, degraded pasture and water depletion at watering points. The primary adaptation strategies employed to mitigate the impact of climate change are herd splitting, livestock mobility, and selling. The study found that herd splitting and increased livestock mobility are the most effective strategies. Therefore, it is recommended that local pastoral communities be sensitized to the certainty of climate change and variability, its impacts, and the importance of strengthening positive adaptation strategies. Additionally, governments and development actors need to work to address the factors that contribute to barriers to climate variability adaptation in the study area, dealing with the root causes to find long-lasting solutions 105p. Tue, 01 Apr 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://ir.haramaya.edu.et//hru/handle/123456789/8484 2025-04-01T00:00:00Z http://ir.haramaya.edu.et//hru/handle/123456789/8250 MODELLING THE POTENTIAL IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON FABA BEAN (Vicia faba L.) PRODUCTION IN WELMERA DISTRICT, OROMIA REGIONAL STATE, CENTRAL ETHIOPIA Girma Asefa Bogale; (PhD) Mengistu Mengesha; (PhD) Gebre Hadgu Studying climate change and variability at a local scale is curial for devising proper strategies that enhance adaptive capacity. In view of this, this study was conducted in Welmera District, to assess; the potential impacts of climate change on faba bean (Vicia faba L.) production. Historical climate and crop yield data were obtained from National Meteorological Agency of Ethiopia and Holeta Agricultural Research Center respectively. After quality control, consistency check and homogeneity test on rainfall and temperature data; trend, variability, correlation and regression analysis were carried out by statistical software InStat_v3.36, XLSTAT2014 and SPSS_v20 were used. Future climate data was downscaled using the output of ensemble by four GCMs climate models (BSS-CSM1-1, HadGEM2-ES, MIROC-ESM and NorESM1-M) under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. The time period centered 2030s and 2050s were considered. Besides this, soil and crop data of two faba bean varieties (Gora and Tumsa) were used to assess future climate impacts in the study area. The results indicated that the mean start of main rainy season (JJAS) for Holeta station started on the 3rd decade of May. The annual, kiremt, belg and bega seasonal rainfall amount were found to be decreased by a factor of 8.53, 4.7, 2.32 and 0.8 mm/year respectively. The mean maximum and minimum temperature revealed an increasing trend by 0.005 and 0.06 0C changes/year. Moreover, the correlation of kiremt start of rain and kiremt rainy day had negative impact on Gora yield with (r=-0.407 and -0.369) respectively. Similarly, kiremt start of rainy season and mean air temperature had negative impacts (r=-0.482 and r=-0.605) where moderate and strong correlated with Tumsa yields and statistically significant at p- value levels (0.01 and 0.05) in the study area. The coefficient of determination was analyzed with (R2 =56.0% and 74.4%) of total variance in Gora and Tumsa yields respectively were explained jointly by climatic events. The future projection of highest mean monthly rainfall and air temperature changes occur during faba bean growing season will in July (147.3%) mm/months and August (0.24 0C/month) under RCP8.5. However, in August and September mean monthly rainfall will be dramatically decrease by 50.85 % and 31.05% mm/month in the 2020 up to 2079 under RCP 8.5 and RCP 4.5 respectively. This could negatively affect faba bean yield in the area, because this months are the critical stages (flowering, grain filling and harvesting period). Tumsa yield will significantly decline by 24.19% under RCP8.5 mid- century. If future study consider using different climate and crop models with more appropriate adaptation management options incorporate is better for further study 113p. Thu, 01 Aug 2019 00:00:00 GMT http://ir.haramaya.edu.et//hru/handle/123456789/8250 2019-08-01T00:00:00Z http://ir.haramaya.edu.et//hru/handle/123456789/7394 MODELLING THE IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON FABA BEAN (Vicia faba L.) PRODUCTION IN WELMERA DISTRICT, CENTRAL ETHIOPIA Girma Asefa Bogale; Mengistu Mengesha (PhD); Gebre Hadgu (PhD) Studying climate change and variability at a local scale is curial for devising proper strategies that enhance adaptive capacity. In view of this, this study was conducted in Welmera District, to assess; the impacts of climate change on faba bean (Vicia faba L.) production. Historical climate and crop yield data were obtained from National Meteorological Agency of Ethiopia and Holeta Agricultural Research Center respectively. After quality control, consistency check and homogeneity test on rainfall and temperature data; trend, variability, correlation and regression analysis were carried out by statistical software InStat_v3.36, XLSTAT2014 and SPSS_v20 were used. Future climate data was downscaled by average ensemble of four GCMs climate models (BSS-CSM1-1, HadGEM2-ES, MIROC-ESM and NorESM1-M) under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. The time period centered 2030s and 2050s were considered. The results indicated that the average of main rainy season (JJAS) for Holeta station started on the 3rd decade of May. The annual, kiremt, belg and bega seasonal rainfall amount were found to be decreased by a factor of 8.53, 4.7, 2.32 and 0.8 mm/year, respectively. The mean maximum and minimum temperature revealed an increasing trend by 0.005 and 0.06 0C changes/year. Moreover, the correlation of kiremt start of rain and kiremt rainy day had negative impact on Gora yield with (r=-0.407 and -0.369) respectively. Similarly, kiremt start of rainy season and mean air temperature had negative impacts (r=- 0.482 and r=-0.605) where moderate and strong correlated with Tumsa yields and statistically significant at p-value levels (0.01 and 0.05) in the study area. The coefficient of determination was analyzed with (R2 =56.0% and 74.4%) of total variance in Gora and Tumsa yields respectively were explained jointly by climatic events. The future projection of highest mean monthly rainfall and air temperature changes occur during faba bean growing season will in July (147.3%) mm/months and August (0.24 0C/month) under RCP8.5. However, in August and September mean monthly rainfall will be dramatically decrease by 50.85 % and 31.05% mm/month in the 2020 up to 2079 under RCP 8.5 and RCP 4.5 respectively. Tumsa yield will significantly decline by 24.19% under RCP8.5 mid-century. If future study consider using different climate and crop models with more appropriate adaptation management options incorporate is better for further study 112p. Fri, 01 Nov 2019 00:00:00 GMT http://ir.haramaya.edu.et//hru/handle/123456789/7394 2019-11-01T00:00:00Z http://ir.haramaya.edu.et//hru/handle/123456789/7268 VULNERABILITY OF SMALLHOLDER FARMERS’ LIVELIHOODS TO CLIMATE VARIABILITY AND CHANGE IN BABILE DISTRICT OF EAST HARARGHE ZONE, ETHIOPIA Tofik Mume Abebekar; Mengistu Mengesha (PhD); Lisanework Nigatu (PhD) Climate variability and change have increased in recent decades thereby threatening the livelihoods of rural households in Eastern Ethiopia. This study was conducted to assess local climate, and determine livelihood vulnerability of smallholder farmers to climate variability and change at household level in Babile district. In order to achieve the objective, data was acquired from both primary and secondary sources. Primary data was collected through a household survey conducted in two agro-ecological communities on 368 households using questionnaire, and complemented by focus group discussion, key informant interviews and field observation. Secondary data (climate data 1989-2019) was obtained from the National Meteorological Institute (NMI) of Ethiopia, Jigjiga branch. The Livelihood Vulnerability Index (LVI) was comprised of 37 indicators based on information acquired through household survey. The finding showed that the annual mean rainfall of the study area over the study years was 624.33 mm, with a standard deviation (SD) of 351.79 mm and CV of 56.35%. The mean annual temperature of the study area was 28.08oC with SD of 0.42% and a CV of 1.98 oC. Annual temperature showed an increasing trend by a factor of (0.021 oC per decade) while rainfall showed a decreasing trend 0.168 in mm over the study years. The amount of mean rainfall of bega, belg and kiremt seasons was 73.78mm, 275.22 mm and 281.91mm respectively. About 23.1% of the households in Rahmata Salama kebele (kola agroecology) were most vulnerable, 24.5% of HHs in Abdibuc kebele (woina dega) were moderately vulnerable, while 52.4% of HHs Ifadin kebele in (kola agro-ecology) were least vulnerable. Rahmata Salama kebele (kola agro-ecology) (0.75 LVI) was the most vulnerable kebele, followed by Abdibuc (0.61 LVI) and Ifadin kebele (0.4 LVI). The study indicates that the local climate is changing and farmers’ livelihoods in different agro-ecologies showed differential vulnerabilities to climate change and variability. Based on the findings, it is imperative to develop location-specific adaptation strategies to reduce the adverse impacts of climate variability and change on farmers’ livelihoods in the study area. 76 Fri, 01 Dec 2023 00:00:00 GMT http://ir.haramaya.edu.et//hru/handle/123456789/7268 2023-12-01T00:00:00Z