Abstract:
Frequencies of ABO and Rhesus (Rh-D) blood groups phenotypes, alleles, and genotypes
vary geographically, ethnically and from one population to another. Some variations
may even occur within one ethnic group and within one small country. Therefore, the aim
of this study was to determine the frequencies of ABO and Rh-D Blood Groups
phenotypes, alleles and genotypes among students of Lemen Secondary and Preparatory
School, South-West Shawa, Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia. A total of 384 students (male=276
and female=108) voluntarily participated in this study. Each student was typed for ABO
and Rh-D blood groups antigens using agglutination reactions. In the sample, the O, A,
B, and AB blood group systems phenotype percentages were 39.6%, 32.3%, 22.92% and
5.2%, respectively. The Rhesus positive incidence was 95.8%, while Rhesus negative was
4.2%.The genotypic frequencies of ABO blood group of the sample was 0.0443(4.43%)
IAIA, 0.267(26.71%) IAIO, 0.0234(2.34%) IBIB, 0.1942(19.42%) IBIO, 0.064(6.4%)
IAIB and 0.4031(40.31%) IOIO and genotypic frequencies for Rh-D blood group systems
are 0.6336(63.36%) for DD, 0.3246(32.46%) for Dd and 0.0415(4.15%) for dd. The
order of ABO blood group allele frequencies were IO> IA> IB in the samples. The allele
frequencies of IO, IA, and IB in the sample were found to be 0.6349, 0.2104, and 0.1529
respectively. The Rhesus blood group allele frequencies of the sample were 0.7961D and
0.2039 d. The result of the present study implies that blood type O is the most frequently
occurred blood type in the study area.
