Abstract:
Antimicrobial efficiency of Datura stramonium plant parts (leaf, seed, stem and flower)
crude extracts were examined using Ethanol, Chloroform and DMSO as solvents and
tested against four bacterial and two fungal human pathogens like Bacteria:
Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923, Escherichia coli ATCC25922, Salmonella typhi
ATCC1331, Streptococci agalactecia ATCC13311 and Fungi: Aspergillus niger and
Aspergillus flavus using agar disc diffusion method. The antimicrobial activities were
examined by measuring growth inhibition zone (IZ) of each plant extracts in replicates
against each tested microorganism and comparing their mean values with each other.
The Activity index (AI) of each plant extract was calculated by dividing Inhibition zone of
test plant samples by inhibition zone of their standard drug. The Minimum inhibitory
concentration (MIC) of each plant extracts were also determined against tested
pathogens by using broth dilution method. The ethanol and chloroform seeds and leaves
extracts of Datura stramonium showed maximum zone of inhibition and minimum
inhibitory concentration against all the tested microorganisms. The chloroform seed
extracts were showed (IZ=24.3 ± 3.1mm, 16.33 ± 4.16mm and 12.7 ± 1.53mm) against
Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcocus aureus respectively. Similarly,
the IZ of ethanol seed extracts of Datura stramonium was found to be (IZ=29.3 ±
1.16mm, 14.7 ± 2.55mm and 13.3 ± 1.3 mm) against Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcocus. aureus respectively. The MIC of chloroform seeds extract of
Datura stramonium was found to be 25 mg/ml, against Aspergillus flavus and 50mg/ml
against these three tested bacterial strains and Aspergillus niger .The result in the
present study may be indicative of chloroform and alcoholic extracts of these plant parts
having antibacterial and antifungal activity and possible source to obtain new and
effective herbal medicines to treat infections. Moreover, it has justified the traditional
uses of Datura stramonium to treat various infectious diseases.
