CURRENT PREVALENCE AND TRENDS OF MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS AND HIV INFECTIONS AND CO-INFECTIONS AMONG PATIENTS VISITING KUYU HOSPITAL, GARBA GURACHA TOWN, NORTH SHOA, OROMIA, ETHIOPIA

Abstract

HIV greatly increase the number of TB patients, which in turn increases TB transmission from family member and community members. The study was conducted in Kuyu Hospital from February-May 2017 with the objectives of determining the prevalence and trends of HIV, TB and their co-infections and associated risk factor among patients visiting Kuyu Hospital. A total of 384 patients of all age were enrolled in the study and out of this, the number of males and females were 196 and 188, respectively. Sputum and blood sample were collected by using coded clean, applicator stick and finger puncture or lancet respectively. Descriptive statistics were computed to describe the data obtained both from survey and laboratory analysis. The data was analyzed by SPSS version 20. The overall HIV sero prevalence rate was 6.50%. The highest rate of HIV prevalence was observed in the age group of >35 years old which accounts 16 (8.60%). The highest HIV infection was observed in females 14(7.40 %) than males 11 (5.61%). The lowest mean value of CD4T-cell /mm3 266.64±51.3 was observed in males where as the highest 474±78.5 was observed in females. 8 patients with CD4 <300 T-cell/mm3 of HIV patients were started ART service where as 4 and 13 patients with CD4 300-500Tcell/mm3 and CD4 >500Tcell/mm3 were not started ART service respectively. The overall prevalence of TB was 39(10.20%) and from this, the sex distribution was 25(12.75%) for males and 14(7.44%) was for females. The highest (12.75%) prevalence of TB was seen in males than in females (7.44%). The highest 24(12.90%) frequency of TB infection was found in the age group of >35years old and the lowest 1(6.66%) was observed in the age group of <15 years old. The overall TB-HIV co-infection was Eight (2.08%) and out of this, the highest 6(3.19%) percentage of TB-HIV co-infection was registered in males and females were taken less number 2(1.06%) as compared to males. The result of this study showed that TB and HIV were the major public health problem, so health education should be given for the community on mode of transmission of TB, prevention of HIV infections and co-infections.