Abstract:
This study has been conducted to determine the chemical composition as well as evaluation of
antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of seed oil extracted from Datura stramonium growing
in Haramaya Wereda , Eastern Ethiopia. The seed oil was obtained by soxhlet extraction method
and yielded pale yellowish oil 4.0 %. The oil was analyzed by GS-MS and revealed the presence
of twenty nine different compounds, representing 100% of the total oil. The major components
include linoleic acid (52.73%), phthalic acid (9.39%), palmitic acid (8.15%), linoleoyl chloride
(4.63%), palmtic acid, trimethylsilylester (2.99 %), and squalene (2.39%). The antimicrobial
activities of the seed oil of the plant were investigated by disk diffusion method and showed
moderate antimicrobial activity in 20 μL of oil. Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus
agalactiae, Escherichia coli and Shigella flexneri were used for bacterial tests whereas
Aspergillus niger and Fusarium oxysporum were selected for test fungi. The antioxidant
activities of the oil was examined using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The antioxidant
activity of this seed was also evaluated and moderate antioxidant property of Daturastramonium
was revealed. The presence of monoterpene, oxygenated mono terpenes, sesquiterpene,
triterpenes, and their derivatives, fatty acids and others (Carboxylic acids, hydrocarbons,
phenols, ester...) constituents of the seed oil might be responsible for the antimicrobial
and antioxidant activities observed in this study. The results of this study showed some
differences in the antimicrobial activities, antioxidant property and chemical composition of the
seed oil when compared with similar studies conducted in other places.
