CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND EVALUATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF SEED OF DATURA STRAMONIUM L.

Abstract

This study has been conducted to determine the chemical composition as well as evaluation of antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of seed oil extracted from Datura stramonium growing in Haramaya Wereda , Eastern Ethiopia. The seed oil was obtained by soxhlet extraction method and yielded pale yellowish oil 4.0 %. The oil was analyzed by GS-MS and revealed the presence of twenty nine different compounds, representing 100% of the total oil. The major components include linoleic acid (52.73%), phthalic acid (9.39%), palmitic acid (8.15%), linoleoyl chloride (4.63%), palmtic acid, trimethylsilylester (2.99 %), and squalene (2.39%). The antimicrobial activities of the seed oil of the plant were investigated by disk diffusion method and showed moderate antimicrobial activity in 20 μL of oil. Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Escherichia coli and Shigella flexneri were used for bacterial tests whereas Aspergillus niger and Fusarium oxysporum were selected for test fungi. The antioxidant activities of the oil was examined using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The antioxidant activity of this seed was also evaluated and moderate antioxidant property of Daturastramonium was revealed. The presence of monoterpene, oxygenated mono terpenes, sesquiterpene, triterpenes, and their derivatives, fatty acids and others (Carboxylic acids, hydrocarbons, phenols, ester...) constituents of the seed oil might be responsible for the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities observed in this study. The results of this study showed some differences in the antimicrobial activities, antioxidant property and chemical composition of the seed oil when compared with similar studies conducted in other places.