IN VITRO ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF SELECTED MEDICINAL PLANTS EXTRACT USED IN TRADITIONAL TREATMENT OF COMMON HUMAN WOUND INFECTION IN FAFAN ZONE, SOMALI REGION, EASTERN ETHIOPIA

Abstract

Medicinal plants have many traditional uses including the treatment of diseases of infectious origin, like bacterial wound infection. To the level of investigator’s knowledge, there is no previous study conducted on selected medicinal plants in Fafan zone, regarding antibacterial activity and wound infection treatment ability of the five selected medicinal plants, therefore the antibacterial activity of selected medicinal plants to treat wound infection is not known. Therefore this study was aimedto evaluate in vitro antibacterial activity of five selected medicinal plants traditionally used to treat human wound infection in Fafan zone, Somali Regional State, Eastern Ethiopia from March 01, 2019 to May 30, 2019. An experimental study was employed to evaluate five medicinal plantsnamely, (Jasminumfloribundum), (Euphorbia hirta), (Euphorbia abyssinica), (Sarcophytepiriei), (Commiphoramyrrha). Disc diffusion and broth dilution methods were used to determine the antibacterial activity and minimum inhibition concentration against six standard bacterial species including Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Streptococcuspyogenes, Proteus mirabilis, and Klebsiellapneumoniae.Data wasanalyzed Statistical Package for the Social Science using version 20 software. The zone of inhibition was expressed as Mean ± SD. Statistical analysis was also undertaken by analysis of variance (one way ANOVA)test to determine whether there was significant difference in zone of inhibition between extracts concentrations and also antibiotic used.Theplants extracts were positive for the presence of most of the tested secondary metabolites like alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, saponins, polyphenols and terpenoid,exceptjasminumfloribundumextract which lack phenolic compound.The Resultof plant extracts exhibited inhibition zones ranging from 10±2 mm to 24.9± 0.9mm diameter, with the most noteworthy results shown by ethanolic extract of Commiphoramyrrha. The Minimum inhibitory concentration value of plant ethanolic extracts against the tested bacteria ranged from7.8 mg/ml extract of Euphorbia hirta on S. pyogenes and Proteus mirabils and Jasminumfloribundum on Klebsiellapneumoniae ) to 250.00 mg/ml (ethanolic extract of Euphorbia abyssinica on Escherichia coliand Sarcophytepirieion Klebsiellapneumoniae).The results in this study indicates the great potential of selected plant species with antibacterial activity to treat wound infections of bacterialorigin. Further in vivo antibacterial activity and toxicity test are recommended for confirming efficacy and safety of these herbal