Abstract:
Background: - Human immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) positive peoples are dying with Acquired
Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) related deaths. Despite treat and test all HIV positives was
applied, number of people eligible for ART were come up with advanced disease and at lower
CD4 count. However, survival rate and its predictors among adult HIV positive people was not
well understood in Kambata Tambaro Zone. Thus this study aims to identify Survival time and its
predictors among adult HIV positive patients on ART in Kambata Tambaro Zone.
Objective: - To assess survival time and its predictors among HIV positive adults on Antiretroviral
Therapy in Public hospitals of Kambata Tambaro Zone, Southern Ethiopia from August 11, 2013
to August 10,2018.
Methods and Materials: - Institution based retrospective longitudinal study was conducted in all
467 adults HIV positive patients on ART follow-up between August 11, 2013 and August 10, 2018
for an additional 6 months. Data was entered into Epi data version 4.1 and exported to STATA
version 14 for data processing and analysis. The assumptions of Kaplan-Meier curves was done to
estimate survival probability and log rank tests was employed to compare and estimate survival
curves. Semi-parametric (Cox regression) model was applied to identify predictors of survival.
Result: - Out of 467 study subjects, 59(12.63%) were died until the end of study period. The mean
and median follow-up time of the cohort was36.3 and 40.1 (IQR=13.6-59.0) months. The mortality
rate of the cohort was 4.1 per 100 PYO. The overall survival probability of the cohort was 84.38%
(95 CI=80.08-87.82) at 66 months of follow-up. Bedridden functional status AHR=3.0 (95% CI,
1.44-6.64), Fair adherence AHR= 3.3 (95%CI, 1.50-7.07) and Poor adherence AHR= 3.8 (95%
CI, 1.88-7.96), Opportunistic infection AHR=4.2 (95% CI, 1.98-8.50), late diagnosed (CD4 count
>/=350) AHR= 3.0 (95%CI, 1.91-6.42) and Immunologic failure AHR= 3.5 (95% CI, 1.41-6.29)
independent predictors of time to death in Cox Regression.
Conclusion: - The median survival time of adult HIV positive patients on ART was 40.1 months.
Late Diagnosis, not having Good adherence, being bedridden, having OI and Immunologic failure
were independently associated with time to death. Early diagnosis (test) to start treatment and
emphasizing on close follow-up care on this might increase survival time of patients
