REVALENCE OF DIARRHEAL DISEASESAND ITS ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG UNDER-FIVE CHILDREN IN HABABO GUDURU DISTRICT, OROMIA REGION, WESTERN ETHIOPIA.

Abstract

Background:Acute diarrheal diseases are the leading causes of preventable death especially, among children under-five in developing countries including Ethiopia. It causes 23% of death and 44% of stunting in children under-five age. However, there is a limited information about the prevalence of diarrhea and its associated factors among under-five children in Hababo Guduru District, Oromia Region, Western Ethiopia. Objective: To assess the prevalence and associated factors with under-five diarrhea in Hababo Guduru District, Oromia Region, Western Ethiopia, from February 15 to March 10/2018. Methods:A community based cross-sectional study was conducted in Hababo Guduru District. Pre-surveywasconducted to identify allthe illegible households withunder-five children in randomly selected kebeles. From 12316 households, a total of 624households with under fivechildrenwere selected by simple random sampling technique from randomly selected kebeles through proportional allocation.Pre-test was done on structured questionnaires before data collection. The collected datawas coded, cleaned and double entered into Epi DataVersion 3.1 then exported to SPSS Version 22.0 for univariable, Bivariable and multivariable analysis. Odds ratio along with 95% Confidence Interval was used to measure the degree of association with statistical significance level of p value less than or equal to 0.05. Result: The prevalence of under-five children was149(24%) (95% CI: 20.8, 27.3)The occurrence of diarrheal disease was significantly associated with age of the child 6-11 months (AOR: 2.491, 95% CI (1.112, 5.577)), 12-23 months (AOR: 1.833, 95% CI (1.072, 3.133)), poor knowledge of mothers/care takers about diarrhea prevention methods (AOR: 1.945, 95% CI (1.129, 3.349)), poor family wealth index (AOR: 4.186, 95% CI (2.142, 8.179)), children who were not vaccinated with measles (AOR: 4.204, 95% CI (2.213,7.984)), improperliquid waste disposal system (AOR: 3.523, 95% CI (1.872,6.629)) and number of siblings ≥2 in the family (AOR: 2.679, 95% CI (1.610, 4.457)) Conclusion: The prevalence of under-five diarrhea was found to be highcompared to EDHS, 2016 report (12%) and its occurrence was found to be significantly associated with age of the child (6-11 and 12-23), knowledge of mothers/care takers about diarrhea prevention methods, family wealth index, measles vaccination status, liquid waste disposal system and number of siblings in the family. So health education to the community about diarrhea prevention, expanding access to measles vaccination and proper disposal of wastes, child birth spacing were recommended