GLYCEMIC CONTROL AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG ADULT DIABETIC PATIENTS AT PUBLIC HOSPITALS IN HARARI AND DIRE DAWA REGIONS, EASTERN ETHIOPIA.

Abstract

Background: However the prevalence of diabetes mellitus is increasing rapidly in middle and low income- countries like Ethiopia and glycemic control in diabetes mellitus is crucial in reducing morbidity and mortality of the disease. Data regarding glycemic control and associated factors are very important for significant reduction of diabetes mellitus complications, are very few when compared with the dieases condition. Objective: To assess the prevalence of glycemic control and associated factors among adult diabetic patients at public hospitals in Harari region and Dire Dawa city administration, Eastern Ethiopia, 2018. Methods: A facility based cross-sectional study design was used among randomly selected 422 adults with diabetes mellitus who were attending in public hospitals at Harar and Diredawa, from March1-30, 2018. A pretested structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Descriptive statistics was used to describe the data. Bivariable logistic regression was performed to assess the association between each independent and dependent variable. All variables with p value of less than 0.25 were entered into multivariable logistic regression to identify factors associated with glycemic control. Odds Ratios along with 95% Confidence intervals were estimated to measure the strength of the association. Level of statistical significance was declared at p-value <0.05. Results: The prevalence of poor glycemic control was 78.9%, 95%CI: 75%-82.3%.Patients who had collge/universtiy education with [AOR = 0.10, 95 % CI: 0.04–0.27] and being diabetic for > 10 years with [AOR = 2.44, 95 % CI: 1.12–5.32] were stastically associated with poor glycemic control. In addition, having diabetic education with [AOR = 2.46, 95 % CI: 1.36–4.47], non adherence with physical exercise with [AOR = 2.75, 95 % CI 1.49–5.09] and being in the age group of 51-60 years old with [AOR = 0.23, 95 % CI: 0.08–0.59] and age >60 years old with [AOR = 0.15, 95 % CI: 0.06–0.38] were significantly associated with poor glycemic control. Conclusion: Patients who can’t read and write, being the age of ≤40 years old, duration of diabetes mellitus >10 years, not having diabetic education, and not adhere to the recommended physical exercise were independent pridictors of poor glycemic control. Therefore, educational programs that focus on the above independent pridictors of poor glycemic control are encouraged to improve poor glycemic control and quality of life.