Abstract:
Introduction: Multi drug resistant tuberculosis is a worldwide challenge at this time, affecting
the whole effort towards the control of tuberculosis. It can be due to primary acquisition or
may develop during the course of treatment. So in order to succeed in the control and
prevention of tuberculosis and multi drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), it is necessary to
disclose the challenges of quality MDR-TB management, and then to succeed over the
tuberculosis elimination.
Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the treatment outcome and determinant
among MDR-TB patients in St. Peter Specialized Hospital, AA, Ethiopia.
Methods and Materials: Retrospective cohort study was used(retrospective cross-sectional
cohort). All patients records from February 29/2009 to march 30/2015 were included in this
study.
Result:277(42%) of the patients were females, and 367(56.9%) of them were HIV positive.
The treatment success rate was 77.8% and 22.2% of them have unfavorable outcome. Among
these 68.7% was treatment completed,8.9% were cured and 13.6% were died. The rest was
0.6% were failure, and 8.06% lost to follow-up. Unfavorable outcome 1.96 times higher
95%CI: 1.1-3.6 and p value of 0.026 among HIV positives. Also those with history of cardiac
disease were 5.6 times higher to end with unfavorable outcome 95% CI of 1.11-28.6 and p
value of 0.037. Presence of base line bronchioectasis AOR of 2.1,95% CI of 1.04-5.10 and p
value of .049, presence of base line opacity on chest X-RAY (AOR = 7.8, 95% CI:1.29-48.6,
P= 0.001) and effusion AOR 1.96 and 95%CI1.1-3.7 and p value 0.033. having diarrheal
disease as a side effect (AOR = 2.26, 95% CI:1.05-4.8, P= 0.018), Psychosis during treatment
(AOR = 2.56, 95% CI of 1.2-5.4 P= 0.028).
Conclusion: This has study shown the treatment was outcome good as compared to most of
the other studies. Again the treatment failure is very low that the treatment quality looks good.
xi
However the treatment default or lost to follow up rate was seen to be raised slightly. Again
the patents with unknown treatment outcome were also seen. Complicated MDR-TB at base
line and some super imposed infection HIV and cardiac diseases and some side effects like
diarrhea, Nephrotoxicity and psychosis looks to end with unfavorable outcome
