Abstract:
Sprinkler irrigation technology helps in more efficient use of water by eliminating field water
conveyance channels, thereby reducing water loss. The amount of sediment transport and the
impact on irrigation uniformity is important for better management of an irrigation system.
This study was focused on the impact of sediment transport in the canal and its effect on
application uniformity of sprinkler system on east bank canal Finchaa Sugar Estate. Its
objective was to determine the effect of sediment on the canal and application uniformity
distribution of sprinkler irrigation system at Finchaa, East Bank Sugar Estate .Currently
serious irrigation problems were observed at Finchaa East bank sugar estate which raised
from poor irrigation water quality containing sediment entered from upstream of the river
which affects both canal structure and application uniformity of the system canal conveyance
efficiency leading to inadequacy and inequity in water distribution to crops. This poor
distribution could be due to the reason that the sprinkler nozzles were worn out and increase
in diameter because of the action of wear and tear by the sediments.In order to analyze the
effect of the problem different techniques have been taken in to account, it includes:
Suspended sediment samples were collected from weir, inlet to end of canal at an average of
eight kilometers along the canal using US D-74 suspended sediment sampler. The samples
were analyzed in laboratory for sediment concentration, sediment rate discharge and particle
size distribution along the canal and its effect on application uniformity of water distribution.
The CUC and DU results for the new nozzle were above the minimum recommended values of
85% and 80% respectively at all test pressures. The specific discharge measurement showed
that, both the upstream and downstream old nozzles were applying excess irrigation water
causing loss of water, energy and yield in extreme cases may result in groundwater rise. But
sediment deposition in irrigation canals results in rising canal bed levels, reduced canal
capacities, and problems in supplying the required amounts of water to some or all parts of
the irrigated area. Sediment deposition in irrigation canals results in rising canal bed levels,
reduced canal capacities, and problems in supplying the required amounts of water to some or
all parts of the irrigated area and there was a high over flowing of water occurring in the
conveyance system at the end of the canal due to the accumulation of sediment in the canal
