PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES, ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF OIL FROM UNRIPE AND RIPE BANANA (Musa sp.) PEELS AND PULP

Abstract

Banana peel is a good source of natural antioxidants and functional foods against cancer and heart diseases. The banana peel is nutritional and rich in phytochemical compounds than its pulp. Characterization of the physicochemical; antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of oil extracted from unripe green and yellow ripen banana fruit peels and pulps and appraisal of its viability is the main purpose of this study. In this work, In this work,In this work,In this work, In this work,In this work, In this work, physicochemical properties of oil from unripe green and yellow ripen banana fruit peels were examined. were examined. were examined. were examined. were examined. were examined. were examined. were examined. The oil was extracted in soxhelt apparatus using petroleum ether as extraction solvent. Physicochemical properties of the oil were examined via determination of oil content, acid value, free fatty acid, peroxide value, radical scavenging activities using DPPH and hydrogen peroxide, ascorbic acid and The bBiological activity was investigated based on antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. The antimicrobial experiment was arranged as 3x1x4 factorial design in three replications. The physicochemical properties of unripe peel, unripe pulp and ripen peel banana peels oil extract values were found to be significantly the highest oil content (2.60±0.21),acid value (2.66±0.20) and free fatty acid (1.34±0.10) were recorded for green unripe peel oil. Significantly the highest DPPH free scavenging activity was recorded for unripe banana peel indicating that the unripe banana peel has relatively demonstrated highest antioxidant activity. The antimicrobial activity with the highest concentration of the oil extract (3μl/ml) presented the strongest antibacterial activity with maximum zone of inhibition (15.5mm) recorded for ripen peel oil extract against Staphylococcus aureus. The oil extract from ripen peel has showed strongest antibacterial activity with minimum inhibitory concentration (0.125μl/ml) and corresponding minimum bactericidal concentration (0.25 μl/ml) against S.aureus. The strongest antifungal activity with minimum inhibitory concentration (0.125 μl/ml) and corresponding minimum fungicidal concentration (0.25 μl/ml) was recorded for unripe pulp oil against Aspergillus versicolor. Illustrating physical and chemical properties and antioxidant activity of oil from unripe green and yellow ripen banana fruit peels and pulps and is crucial in providing necessary information for the utilization of the oil content.