Dynamic Performance Analysis of a Wind Farm with Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator Using a STATCOM with Battery Energy Storage System

Abstract

As the global demand for electric energy is soaring, the future electric power generation will sig nificantly rely on clean, renewable energy sources including wind, solar, hydropower, and geothermal sources. Usually, wind energy conversion systems employ squirrel cage induction, doubly fed induction, and permanent magnet synchronous generators. As a matter of fact, the major problems associated with these systems are their intermittent power outputs and poor dy namic performances because of the stochastic nature of wind. So, to improve the dynamic performance of a wind energy conversion system, and hence its power quality, devices employ ing advanced power electronic converters like static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) are often used. In line with this, the primary objective of this thesis is to investigate the effects of the application of a STATCOM with a battery energy storage system (BESS) on the dynamic per formance of a PMSG-based wind farm. Primarily, the work focuses on the converter topology of the VSC-based STATCOM and its control system. Also, the BESS, including the choice of ener gy storage, its size, interface, and control system, was designed. The reactive part of the STATCOM is designed to maintain a stable grid voltage, whereas the active part supported by BESS serves for active compensation of wind power. Subsequently, the BESS was interfaced with the DC-bus of the STATCOM with a boost converter to control the voltage level of the bank while maintaining a constant DC-bus voltage for good switching operation in the VSC. The proposed system and the detailed dynamic models of the PMSG-based wind farm were modeled in MATLAB/Simulink, and simulations were carried out. In the end, the simulation results have demonstrated that the overshoots, rising time, and settling time of DC-link voltage, active power, and reactive power of the wind farm have significantly improved with the application of the STATCOM with BESS. Furthermore, the results revealed that the adverse effects of stochastic wind disturbances on the dynamic performance of a PMSG-based wind farm were mitigated. A STATCOM with BESS is, therefore, proven to be effective in enhancing the dynamic perfor mance of a PMSG-based wind farm subjected to stochastic wind distur