Abstract:
Vaccination remains one of the most cost-effective public health interventions
to reduce childhood morbidity, mortality, and disability. However; each year, 20 million
infants do not receive a full course of basic vaccines globally and full immunization coverage
of Ethiopia (43%) in 2019 has remained below its expected target (90%). Despite the national
and global efforts, fully vaccination of children remains low in the country including the study
area.
Objective: To assess determinants of incomplete childhood vaccination among children aged
12-23 months in Gedeb Hasasa district, west Arsi zone, Southeast Ethiopia.
Methods: Community based case control study was conducted from August 1 to 30, 2021. A
total of 289 children (97 incomplete and 192 complete) were selected from 7 randomly
selected kebeles in the district. Data were collected using a pre tested structured questionnaire
from mothers/caretakers of the child and by observation from vaccination cards by trained data
collectors. Data were double-entered into EpiData-3.1 and analyzed by Statistical package for
social science version-20. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify
determinants of incomplete vaccination; we considered factors with p<0.05 and 95%
confidence interval to be statistically significant.
Result: A total of 96 incomplete and 190 complete children were included in the study. The
mean age (standard deviation) of incomplete was 17.51±4.03 and those of complete were
17.16±3.55. This study revealed that incomplete childhood vaccination had statistical
significant association with none antenatal care (ANC) visit (AOR=2.79; 95%CI=1.02-7.60),
home delivery (AOR=2.26; 95%CI=1.10-4.66), none postnatal care (PNC) checkup
(AOR=3.30; 95%CI=1.44-7.53), and poor knowledge about vaccinations (AOR=2.57;
95%CI= 1.39-4.73).
Conclusion: Result showed that health service utilization and vaccination knowledge related
factor is associated with incomplete childhood vaccination. Gedeb Hasasa district health
office, health care providers and stakeholders should strengthen maternal health service
utilization and health education activities about vaccination
