TREATMENT OUTCOME AND ASSOCIATED FACTOR AMONG NONTRAUMATIC SURGICAL PATIENTS AMONG ADMITTED TO INTENSIVE CARE UNIT, EASTERN ETHIOPIA

Abstract

Background: Epidemiologic assessment of outcomes of surgical patient‟s admissions into intensive care units provides a framework to evaluate healthcare system efficiency and project future healthcare needs. The mortality rate among nontraumatic surgical patients admitted to intensive care unit is ranging from 12.2% to 14.5%. But the mortality rate among surgical patients admitted to intensive care unit is 12.2% to 50.6%. Since there was no study done on the treatment outcome and associated factors among non traumatic surgical patients admitted to intensive care unit of Hiwot Fana Specialized University hospital, we conducted research on this area. Methods: Hospital based Cross-Sectional study was reviewed of documents 256 patients nontraumatic surgical patients who admitted to intensive care units at Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital from January 1, 2018 to August 31, 2022. Data was extracted with paper based medical charts, operational and anesthesia note, by direct observation. Data was edited and entered in to Epi-info version 7 and exported to SPSS version 26 for cleaning and analysis. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) for window version 26.0 software. Factors associated with treatment outcome were identified using multivariable logistic regression model. P-value less than 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Result: A total of 256 patients were studied. 142 (55.5%) were males. The age of patients was 1 days old to 80 years old. The mortality outcome was 42.6% (109/256) and it was 1.34:1 male to female ratio. ICU length of stay ranged from 8 hours to 38 days. Treatment with vasopressor in ICU (AOR =5.361, CI(1.962,14.650), P =0.001), developed multiple organ failure in ICU(AOR=4.67, CI (1.6,13.4), P=0.004), developed complications in ICU (AOR=7.07,CI(1.79,35.3), P=0.006) and intraoperative unstability (AOR=4.75, CI (1.867,12.80), P=0.001) were strongly associated with increased mortality outcome. Conclusion: the magnitude of deaths among nontraumatic surgical patients admitted to intensive care unit of Hiwot Fana specialized university hospital was high. Intraoperative unstability, developing complication in intensive care unit, organ failure in intensive care unit and usage of vasopressor for shock management in intensive care unit were factors significantly associated with mortality outcome.