Abstract:
Background: Good quality sleep is one of the most important things that we need to keep
our bodies healthy. The change in sleep quality and quantity is an expected phenomenon
during pregnancy due to mechanical and hormonal factors, poor sleep has an effect on
woman’s daily activity performances, behaviour and if it is significant poor sleep could be a
potential factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes like prolonged labor, low birth, increased
chance of caesarean delivery, birth asphyxia and poor fetal outcomes.
Objective: This study aimed to assess sleep quality and its associated factors among pregnant
women attending antenatal care in public health facilities in Bahir Dar city, Ethiopia from
November 28 - December 9, 2022.
Methods: A facility based cross-sectional study design was employed on 367 randomly
selected pregnant women using multi stage sampling technique in selected public health
facilities in Bahir Dar city. Data was collected using a pre-tested interviewer-administered
questionnaire. Sleep quality was assessed using the questionnaire. Stata v14 was used for the
summarization and analysis of data. Frequencies means and proportions were used for the
descriptive analysis of data. Sleep quality was categorized as good if the Pittsburgh Sleep
Quality Index score is <5 or poor otherwise. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression
analysis was done to identify factors associated with sleep quality. Statistical significance
was set at a p-value <0.05.
Result: The overall prevalence of poor sleep quality was 55.04%. More than two-thirds,
69.16%, of the respondents had a minimum of 6 hours of sleep duration per night and 25.65
of them had more than 85% sleep efficiency. Poor sleep quality was associated with older age
(AOR=3.03) pregnant women being in third trimester (AOR=2.67), being multigravidity
(AOR=2.91), with low hemoglobin (AOR=1.92), and coffee consumption during pregnancy
(AOR= 2.15).
Conclusion: The prevalence of poor sleep quality among pregnant women was found to be
high. Women aged ≥30 years, 3rd-trimester pregnancy, multigravidas, and coffee
consumption during pregnancy were associated factors with poor sleep quality. It is crucial
for pregnant women to give attention regarding iron/folate supplementation and Hgb level
Screening of sleep problems are essential to improve maternal sleep quality as well as health
status.
