Abstract:
All parts of Calpurnia aurea are traditionally used for the treatments of diarrhea,live stock
ticks and antiinflammentery.The present study was carried out to investigate phytochemicals
constituents and evaluation of antimicrobial activities of the root bark extract of calpurnia
aurea. Accordingly, the chloroform and methanol extacts were subjected to preliminary
phytochemical screening was tested by using standard procedures and methods and the result
showed the presence of alkaloids, terpenoids, saponnins, tannin and flavonoid in both
chloroform and methanol extcat of Calpurnia aurea. Fractionation of chloroform extract by
column chromatography led to the isolation of two compounds namely; CA-1,Calpurnine and
CA-2,(10E,13Z)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl 9-methylheptadeca-10,13-dienoate). Among which the
constituents of root bark extract includes Calpurnine were considered as major constituents.
The two isolated compounds the antimicrobial activity test were carried out and the highest
activity was exhibited by fraction CA-1 against three bacteria such as S.typhi, S.aureus and
S.pyogen, respectively and the highest antifungal activity test were recorded by CA-2 against
A.Niger,A,Verticola and C.Albica. Isolated fraction ,exhibited medium antimicrobial activity
against E. coli and having high activity against S.typhi.The structure of the two compounds
were established by UV-Vis, IR and 1D-NMR spectroscopy.Thus the present study supported
the traditional claims of the plant.
