RECOVERY TIME AND PREDICTORS OF ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME AMONG ADULT PATIENTS ATTENDING PUBLIC HOSPITALS IN HARAR AND DIRE DAWA ADMINISTRATION, EASTERN ETHIOPIA

Abstract

Acute coronary syndrome is a life-threatening condition affecting over 7 million people annually and leading cause of morbidity and high health expenditures, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. There was limited evidence about recovery time and predictors of acute coronary syndrome among adult patients attending public hospitals of Harar and Dire Dawa administrations. Objective: To determine recovery time and predictors of acute Coronary Syndrome among adult patients attending public hospitals in Harar and Dire Dawa Administration, Eastern Ethiopia. Method: An institution-based retrospective cohort study was conducted among 462 acute coronary syndrome who attended public hospitals in eastern Ethiopia from January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2023. Structured checklist was used to extract the data registered on patients’ medical records. Simple random sampling technique was used to select study participants. The difference in recovery time was displayed by Kaplan-Meir and quantified by log rank test. Both bivariable and multivariable log-logistic accelerated failure time regression models were fitted to identify predictors of recovery time of acute coronary syndrome among patients. P-value<0.05 and Adjusted Time Ratio with 95% Confidence interval was used to declare statistical significance and predictors, respectively. Results: Out of 462, a total of 457 patient charts with a diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome were reviewed, and 340 (74.39%) of patients recovered. The median recovery time was 6 days with (95% CI,5.6 – 6.7) days. Predictors such as diagnosed with ST segment elevation myocardial Infarction (adjusted time ratio=1.22 (95% CI,1.01-1.46), had dyspnea (adjusted time ratio =1.21 (95% CI, 1.02-1.44) prolonged recovery time, and those diagnosed with unstable angina (adjusted time ratio =0.56 (95% CI, 0.41-0.77) and never cigarette smoking history (adjusted time ratio =0.78 (95% CI, 0.62-0.97) had shorter recovery time, and there were significantly predictors of recovery time. Conclusion: In this study, three fourths of patients were recovered with long median recovery time. Patient with ST-segmented elevated myocardial infarction, dyspnea had prolonged recovery time, whereas unstable angina and no cigarette smoking history had shorter recovery time. Early recognition of identified predictors and taking prompt optimal management help to minimize recovery time