Abstract:
Acute coronary syndrome is a life-threatening condition affecting over 7
million people annually and leading cause of morbidity and high health expenditures,
particularly in low- and middle-income countries. There was limited evidence about
recovery time and predictors of acute coronary syndrome among adult patients attending
public hospitals of Harar and Dire Dawa administrations.
Objective: To determine recovery time and predictors of acute Coronary Syndrome among
adult patients attending public hospitals in Harar and Dire Dawa Administration, Eastern
Ethiopia.
Method: An institution-based retrospective cohort study was conducted among 462 acute
coronary syndrome who attended public hospitals in eastern Ethiopia from January 1, 2019, to
December 31, 2023. Structured checklist was used to extract the data registered on patients’ medical
records. Simple random sampling technique was used to select study participants. The difference in
recovery time was displayed by Kaplan-Meir and quantified by log rank test. Both bivariable and
multivariable log-logistic accelerated failure time regression models were fitted to identify
predictors of recovery time of acute coronary syndrome among patients. P-value<0.05 and
Adjusted Time Ratio with 95% Confidence interval was used to declare statistical
significance and predictors, respectively.
Results: Out of 462, a total of 457 patient charts with a diagnosis of acute coronary
syndrome were reviewed, and 340 (74.39%) of patients recovered. The median recovery
time was 6 days with (95% CI,5.6 – 6.7) days. Predictors such as diagnosed with ST
segment elevation myocardial Infarction (adjusted time ratio=1.22 (95% CI,1.01-1.46), had
dyspnea (adjusted time ratio =1.21 (95% CI, 1.02-1.44) prolonged recovery time, and those
diagnosed with unstable angina (adjusted time ratio =0.56 (95% CI, 0.41-0.77) and never
cigarette smoking history (adjusted time ratio =0.78 (95% CI, 0.62-0.97) had shorter
recovery time, and there were significantly predictors of recovery time.
Conclusion: In this study, three fourths of patients were recovered with long median
recovery time. Patient with ST-segmented elevated myocardial infarction, dyspnea had
prolonged recovery time, whereas unstable angina and no cigarette smoking history had
shorter recovery time. Early recognition of identified predictors and taking prompt optimal
management help to minimize recovery time
