PREVALENCE OF DYSLIPIDEMIA AND HYPERGLYCEMIA AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG ADULT PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIVON ART AT ASELLA REFERRAL AND TEACHING HOSPITAL,SOUTH-EAST ETHIOPIA.

Abstract

Background: The use of highly active antiretroviral therapy has significantly reduced morbidity and mortality associated to Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection and Aquired Immune Defficency Syndrome. However, acluster of metabolic derangements such as dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia is increasing, for patients onantiretroviral therapy. The prevalence of dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia and associated factors among adult patients on antiretroviral therapy in Ethiopia including the current study areawere not well explored. Objective:To determine the prevalence and associated factors of dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia among adult peopleliving with Human Immunodeficiency Virus on antiretroviral therapyat Asella Referral and Teaching Hospital, South-east Ethiopiafrom 20, November, 2023 to 30, January,2024. Methods: Institution-based cross-sectional study was employed.Convenient sampling was used to select 388 individuals on antiretroviral therapy. Stepwise approach of the World Health Organization questionnaire, document review, anthropometric measurements, and laboratory analysis (total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein,high density lipoprotein and fasting blood sugur) were used to collect data on different variables under the study. Collected data were entered in Epidata version 3 and analyzed by STATA version 17.0.Binary and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify independently associated factors of dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Results: A total of 388 human immunodeficiency virus patients onantiretroviral therapy were enrolled;mean age of 43.9 ±4.7years. The overall prevalence of dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia was 72.7%[95% CI: 68.0% - 76.9%] and 16.2%[95% CI: 12.9% – 20.3%], respectively. The prevalence of total cholesterol (≥200mg/dl) was 12.9%, triglycerides (≥ 150 mg/dl) was 28.4 %, low density lipoprotein (≥130 mg/dl) was (8.2%) and the predominant abnormality was high density lipoprotein (<40 mg/dl) was 50.8%. Older age ≥54(AOR: 1.7[95% CI: 1.1, 2.7]P= 0.03) were significantly associated with dyslipidemia. Khat chewing (AOR: 0.1[95% CI: 0.01, 0.9] P= 0.04)was associated with a decreased likelihood of hyperglycemia andraw meat consumption (AOR: 1.8[95% CI: 1.1,3.4] P= 0.04)was significantly associated with hyperglycemia. Conclusion: In this study, the proportion of patients with dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia was high compared to different studies conducted in Ethiopia. Older age showed a positive correlation with dyslipidemia.Khatwas associated with a decreased likelihood of hyperglycemia and row meat consumptionwaspositively associated with hyperglycemia. These results indicate the need to regularly monitor lipid profile in older age people and glucose level those who were consumed row meat and khat chewers patients on antiretroviral therapy and provide lipid lowering drugs for older age and raw meat consummers where required.