HEMOTHERAPY-RELATED ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS AND ITS ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG ADULT CANCER PATIENTS WHO WERE ON TREATMENT AT Hon. DR. ARTIST ALI BIRA MEMORIAL CANCER TREATMENT CENTER HIWOT FANA COMPERHENSIVE SPECIALIZED HOSPITAL, HARAR, EASTERN ETHIOPIA

Abstract

Anticancer drugs account to high susceptibility towards adverse drug reactions due to their narrow therapeutic window and increased toxicity, which makes pharmacovigilance studies essential for prevention, diagnosis, reporting and management in current clinical practice. Objective: To assess the chemotherapy-related adverse drug reactions and associated factors among adult cancer patients who are on treatment at Hon. Dr. Ali Birra cancer treatment center of Hiwot Fana Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Eastern Ethiopia from July 10 to August 15, 2024. Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 422 adult cancer patients who are on treatment at Hiwot Fana Comprehensive Specialized Hospital. All patients on chemotherapy treatment were included in the study. Data was collected by patient interview and medical record review. The collected data was cleaned, coded, and entered into using Kobo tool box and exported to Statistical Package for Social Science version 20.0 for analysis. With Factors significantly associated were identified using logistic regression model at P-value < 0.05 and 95%CI.From 422 study participants, 251 (59.5%) of them were females. Overall, 48.34% (95% CI: 43.6 – 53.6) of the included cancer patients developed chemotherapy related adverse drug reactions. Accordingly, for the Naranjo algorithm, of 2823 ADRs identified, probable account for 2122 (75.17%) followed by definite 508 (18.0%). Based on Hartwig severity assessment scale, majority ADRs were 2699 (95.87%) moderate. Cancer patients with weight of less than 50kg (AOR = 3.29, 95% CI: 1.82, 5.94), cancer patients with age range of 31- 40 years (AOR = 0.34% CI: 0.15, 0.74) were more likely associated with adverse drug reactions. Conclusion: Overall, near to half of the included cancer patients developed ADRs. Having weight less 50 kg, and cancer patient with age range of 31- 40 years were associated with developing ADR. Therefore, special attention should be given for cancer patients with those condition so that adverse drug reactions can be minimized