Substance Use and Associated Factors among Adult HIV Infected Patients On Antiretroviral Treatment At Public Health Facilities Of Modjo Town, Oromia, Ethiopia

Abstract

Background፡ Use of substances such as alcohol, khat and tobacco has become one of the rising major public health and socioeconomic problems worldwide. The global burden of disease attributable to alcohol and illicit drug accounts 5.4% of the total burden of disease. Sub-Saharan Africa exhibit very high levels of alcohol consumption, the most prevalent behavioral risk factors implicated in the transmission of Human Immuno Deficiency Virus. In Modjo town, although advances in Human ImmunoVirus treatment have resulted in morbidity and mortality reductions, the gains of Anti Retro viral Treatment may be attenuated by high rates of substance use. Objective; To assess prevalence of substance use and associated factors among Adult Retroviral Infected Patients on Anti Retro viral Therapy at Public Health Facilities of Modjo town, Oromia Region, Ethiopia, from February 1- 20, 2020. Methods: Facility based cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 429 retro viral infected patients were selected by Systematic Random sampling technique. Data was collected through interview and checklist by using structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics like frequency mean and standard deviations were computed for most of the variables. Logistic regression model was used for controlling the possible effect of confounders. AOR along with 95% CI were estimated to measure the strength of the association; and to identify predictors of the outcome. Level of statistical significance was declared at P-value ≤ 0.05. Results: The prevalence of current substance use among Retro viral Infected patient was 104 24.2%, (CI: 20.3- 28.6). Being Males [AOR=1.94 (95% CI: 1.20 - 3.15)], Friend substance use [AOR=1.88 (95%CI: 1.13 - 3.13)], and family substance use [AOR=2.11 (95%CI: 1.49-4.00)] were factors significantly associated with substance use among retro viral infected patients. Conclusions: The prevalence of substance use disorder was high. Of the studied variables, sex, friend substance use, and family substance use were independently associated with substance use disorder. Giving Awareness on effect of substance use specifically focusing male user was recommended. Screening and cessation support should be offered at Anti Retro viral clinics in Modjo town Public health facilities.