TOMATO MARKET CHAIN AND POSTHARVEST LOSS IN ADEA DISTRICT, EAST SHEWA ZONE, OROMIA NATIONAL REGIONAL STATE, ETHIOPIA

Abstract

Postharvest loss poses a significant challenge to tomato producers and market chain actors in Adea district, necessitating a thorough assessment to identify areas for intervention. By employing a combination of primary data from 171 tomato-producing households and a sample of 32 traders including, 5 wholesalers, 14 retailers, 5 collectors and 8 consumers from two kebeles namely Godino and K’at’ila, along with both descriptive and econometric models, the study revealed critical insights. Results showed seven distinct market channels, with producers earning the highest profit when selling directly to wholesalers. The highest total gross marketing margin occurred in channels with multiple intermediaries. Postharvest loss averaged 47.02 quintals per hectare, with transportation being the leading cause (30.48%), followed by packaging, handling, storage, grading, and loading. Retailers experienced the highest losses (28.35%) due to frequent handling, poor packaging, and exposure to unsuitable conditions like heat and humidity. Collectors experienced moderate postharvest losses (12.76%), primarily resulting from inadequate packaging, transportation, and storage conditions. In contrast, wholesalers had the lowest losses (5.28%) due to better bulk handling and storage practices. Furthermore, robust multiple linear regression analysis identified explanatory variables such as credit, extension contact, insect pest infestations/rodents, farm size and distance to main road affected postharvest loss of tomato. By enhancing financial inclusion, training in postharvest management and handling techniques to reduce insect pest infestations and investing in infrastructure, policymakers can develop targeted interventions that substantially reduce losses, boost productivity and strengthen food security