Abstract:
Agriculture is the main source of Ethiopian economy. However, many problems held back the
sustainability of this sector. Soil erosion which causes degradation of land is one of the major
challenges of rural households which hinder the developments of agricultural sector. With
regard to this, different conservation measures were proposed by government and nongovernmental
organizations. But, the problems persisted in different parts of the country
including Soro districts due to lack of an appropriate use of soil and water conservation
practices by farmers that emanated from different socio-economic, physical, institutional and
psychological factors. Accordingly, this study tried to assess determinants of farmers’ use of
soil and water conservation practices in the study area. Specifically it described types of soil
and water conservation practices, assessed farmers’ perception toward soil degradation. To
address objective of the study both qualitative and quantitative data were used. A two stage
sampling technique was used to select 147 respondents from three kebele. Qualitative data
were collected using semi-structured interview scheduled. A structured interview scheduled
was used to collect the primary quantitative data. Descriptive statistic and multinomial
logistic regression model were used to analyze data. The results of the study show extension
contact and farming experience positively and significantly influence use of soil bund and
(check-dam and hillside terracing). Educational level has a positive and significant influence
on all type of soil and water conservation practices use. Training on use of soil and water
conservation practices and slope has positively and significantly influence on the use of soil
bund and (check dam and hillside terracing). Also, farm size positively and significantly
influence farmer use of improved (check dam and hillside terracing). Thus, strategies which
focus on enhancing willingness and ability of farmers to used soil and water conservation
practices need to create learning opportunities through establishment of farmers training
enter; the need to emphasize conservation in the extension service given to farmers; arranging
farmers experience sharing conferences at cluster, giving training on soil and water
conservation practice and extension agents should contact with farmers at least more than
three time per season in a year.
