Facility Based Compliance and Factors Associated with Tuberculosis Treatment Among Adult TB Clients in Harari Regional State, Eastern Ethiopia

Abstract

Background: Tuberculosis is a major public health problem in many parts of the world. Nearly one-third of the world’s population is infected with tubercle bacilli and hence at risk of developing active disease. Treatment success remains low, at 55% globally because of low compliance and other associating factors. Ethiopia stands at the ninth place in the global rank by the estimated number of cases. In Ethiopia, multiple drug resistance prevalence is about 2.3% among new tuberculosis cases and 17.8% among previously treated cases. Objective: The objective of this study was to assess facility based compliance and factors associated with tuberculosis treatment among adult clients in facilities in the Harari regional state, Eastern Ethiopia, March 1 to April 20, 2019. Methods: A facility based cross-sectional quantitative survey conducted. A total of 428 tuberculosis clients on therapy were included by convenient sample technique. All health facilities providing Directly observed Treatment short course services in the region were included in sampling. Data entered to epidata version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 21 for analysis. Associations among selected factors with compliance identified by adjusted odds ratios and with their 95% confidence intervals from crude odds ratio with p < 0.25 variables was considered the significance point to be at P < 0.05. Result: Compliance among the respondents was 87.7% (320 respondents).Those clients who had supporter 4.58 times higher (AOR: 4.58, 95% CI: 1.74-12.08), distance from the facility were 6.6 times higher (AOR; 6.60, 95% CI 2.51-17.37), knowledge of seriousness of TB (AOR: 3.36, 95% CI: 1.20-9.39) and knowledge of daily dose (AOR: 3.31, 95% CI: 1.01-10.88) were associated with high compliance. Conclusion: The magnitude of compliance in the study area was 87.7%. General patient compliance to TB treatment in Harari region is associated with supporter during medication taking, having knowledge of prescribed dose, patient knowledge of TB disease and shorter distance from the facility