PATTERN, MANAGEMENT OUTCOME AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS OF OPERATIVELY TREATED SURGICAL ACUTE ABDOMEN PATIENTS IN CHIRO GENERAL HOSPITAL, OROMIA, EASTERN ETHIOPIA; A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY.

Abstract

Background: Acute abdomen is an acute onset of abdominal disease entities that require immediate surgical intervention in most of the cases. The causes of surgical acute abdomen and their relative incidence vary in different populations. There are no published study in study area and few recent studies on operatively treated surgical acute abdomen in Ethiopia. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess causes, management outcome and associated factors of operatively treated surgical acute abdomen patients from July 14-17/ 2018 in Chiro General Hospital, Oromia. Ethiopia. Methods: A three years facility based cross sectional study was conducted on a sample of 245 operated patients from January 1/2015–December 31/2017 in Chiro General Hospital. Systematic sampling was used to select cases proportionally using sampling frame. The collected data checked & doubly entered into Epidata version 3.02 and exported to SPSS version 20.0 for data processing and analysis. Bivariate and multivariate analysis was employed to assess the relationship between independent and dependent variables at p-value < 0.05. Results: The leading cause of acute abdomen was acute appendicitis accounting 130 (53.1%). The main fatal cause of acute abdomen was perforated peptic ulcer disease which was 13.6% of perforated PUD. Acute abdomen mortality rate was 4.1%. A statistical significance association was found between unfavorable management outcome of surgical acute abdomen and age>=60 [AOR: 4.4, 95% CI (1.4-13.9)], out of Chiro residences [AOR: 8.8, 95%CI (3.7- 21.3)] and duration of illness >2 days [AOR: 3.9, 95% CI (1.1-14.9)]. Conclusion and recommendation: The leading cause of acute Abdomen in this study was acute appendicitis. The most fatal cause of acute abdomen was gastro-duodenal ulcer perforation disease. Older age of the patients, Out of Chiro residences and duration of the illness were the risk factors for unfavorable management outcomes of surgical acute abdomen. Regional/Zonal health bureau together with the hospital should discuss and organize meetings or trainings for health extension workers in order to carry out health information dissemination for rural residences of all age groups so that late presentation of patients will be reduced.