Trend, Variability of Rainfall and Its Relationship with Teff Yield (Eragrostis Teff (Zucc.)); The Case of Eastern Gojjam Zone, Amhara Regional state, Ethiopia

Abstract

Teff (Eragrostis Teff (Zucc.)) is a major food crop in Eastern Gojjam Zone, Amhara Regional State, which produced based on rain-fed agriculture. The main objective of this study was to investigate, trend, variability of rainfall and its relationship with Teff yield in Eastern Gojjam Zone, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia. To achieve this objective, the researcher used mixed research design, select the study area of Eastern Gojjam Zone and three stations of Enarge Enawga, Hulet Eju Enese, and Dejen weredas by using purposive sampling technique, and 148 sample respondents through random sampling technique. After collecting the data, the researcher was used coefficient of variation to show Annual and Seasonal (Bega, Belg, Kiremt, and Tsedey) rainfall variability, descriptive statistics and linear regression to show the trend of Annual and Seasonal (Bega, Belg, Kiremt, and Tsedey) rainfall, correlation used to show the relationship between rainfall variability and Teff yield, and the researcher was used quantitative and qualitative data analysis technique to analyze primary data sources. After proceeding of these steps, the researcher were conclude that, Eastern Gojjam Zone have lower variability of Annual rainfall and Kiremt rainfall, moderate variability of Tsedey rainfall, and have higher Bega rainfall and Belg rainfall variability. Annual rainfall, Bega rainfall, and Belg rainfall have increasing trend, but Kiremt rainfall and Tsedey rainfall have a decreasing trend from the period 1987-2018.The relationship between Annual rainfall and Kiremt rainfall have positive relationship with Teff yield, but Tsedey rainfall, Belg rainfall, and Bega rainfall have negative relationship with Teff yield. In addition to this, Annual rainfall and Kiremt rainfall have higher degree of relationship with Teff yield in the three weredas of Enarge Enawga, Hulet Eju Enese, and Dejen weredas in the study area of Eastern Gojjam Zone.