Abstract:
Background: Gestational Trophoblastic Disease is a spectrum of interrelated conditions but histologically
distinct disease entities originating from placenta. It can be associated with significant morbidity and
mortality in the absence of timely and proper intervention. The prevalence of the disease has demonstrated
marked geographic and ethnic differences throughout the world. When the regulatory mechanisms fail, it
may result in tumors that are highly invasive, metastatic, and very vascular. Virtually all malignant of this
disease is curable if detected early and treated promptly and aggressively. In eastern part of Ethiopia there
is no published study of this disease. Therefore, this study will also provide information about the
magnitude of this disease especially in eastern part of the country.
Objectives:The aim of this study was to assess the magnitude, associated factors and post-evacuation
follow-up of Gestational trophoblastic disease among deliveries at Hiwot Fana Specialized University
Hospital in Harar, eastern Ethiopia from April 1, 2017 toOctober 30, 2022. The extraction period of the
data was from November 1 to 30, 2022.
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Methods: Retrospective hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence
and associated factors of Gestational Trophoblastic Disease cases managed from April 1, 2017 to October
30, 2022. Data related to socio-demographic and clinical variables was collected using structured
questionnaire and checklist. Data processing and analysis was done using SPSS statistical software version
25. Bivariate multiple logistic regressions analysis was performed to assess the association between
dependent and independent variables. The degree of association between dependent and independent
variables will be assessed using odds ratio with 95% confidence interval and P-value <0.05.
Results: A total of 181 GTD cases were eligible for analysis during the period of study and 9 were
excluded from the study due to incomplete data due to failure to meet the inclusion criteria,making the
prevalence of GTD in HFSUH 10.5/1000 deliveries in which 95.6% of them were complete mole while 4.4%
of them were complete mole. Previous history of spontaneous abortion, (p=0.044, AOR=7.4,
CI=1.051-52.980), Para 2-4, (p=0.031, AOR=12.3, CI=12.3(1.075-141.930), Previous history of GTD,
(p=0.05, AOR=1.2, CI= 0.489-9.86) were factors associated with Gestational trophoblastic disease in our
study.
Conclusion: The magnitude of GTD is high which is in line with other studies done in Jimma (7.2 per 1000
deliveries) and Hawassa (11.4/1000 deliveries) but lower 1/115 deliveries in Mekelle Northern Ethiopia
and Uganda 6.1% (11/181).We recommend to have a clear plan for post-surgical contraception, post evacuation
follow-up B-HCG levels, histopathology or biopsy reports and a major benchmark for adequate care in patients with
GTD
