PATTERN AND TREATMENT OUTCOME OF THE SURGICALLY TREATED THYROID DISEASE AT HIWOT-FANA COMPREHENSIVE SPECIALIZED UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL AND JUGOL GENERAL HOSPITAL, HARAR, ETHIOPIA

Abstract

Background: Thyroid disease is a global health problem and the most common type of endocrine disorders next to diabetic mellitus accounting around 30% to 40% burden of the endocrine disorder. The pattern and treatment outcome of the surgically treated thyroid disease in eastern Ethiopia communities have not yet been thoroughly investigated. Objective: The objective of the study is to assess pattern and treatment outcome of surgically treated thyroid disease at Hiwot fana specialized University Hospital and Jogul General Hospital, from February 1, 2019 – February 30, 2023. The data collection period was from October 1, 2023 to October 30, 2023. Methods: The study was conducted among 200 surgically treated thyroid patients using cross Sectional study design by reviewing all patient charts who underwent surgical intervention for the surgically treated thyroid diseases in the study period, which are 220. Structured questionnaire was used to collect relevant data and analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 26 software package. Bi-variate and Multi-variate logistic regression was employed to assess association between dependent and independent variables with 95% Confidence interval and p-value less than 0.05. Result: A total of 200 files were used with data retrieval rate of 90.9 %. Majority of the patients were female 84.5% while the left 15.5% were male with male to female ratio was 1:5.4. FNAC a showed Nodular colloid goiter for 76% is the most common histologic type of the goiter. Among the malignancies, Follicular neoplasm accounted for 6.5%.The commonest surgical procedure was Lobectomy 40.5%. Post operative complication accounts 9.5%. Duration of the anterior neck swelling after 20 year [(AOR 56.55 CI=95% (7.349-435.24) P-0.000)], Total/ near total Thyroidectomy [(AOR-17.66 CI=95% (3.81-81.81) P-00.000] and Female sex [(AOR 4.105(1.019-16.545)) P-0.047) had statistically significant association with unfavorable outcome. Conclusion: This study showed that Colloid goiter was the commonest thyroid disease. From thyroid carcinoma, follicular carcinoma is common, which indicates also the high burden of multinodular goiter. Long standing goiter, total/ Near total thyroidectomy and being female were significantly associated with unfavorable outcome.