MAGNITUDE AND MATERNAL OUTCOME OF ECTOPIC PREGNANCY AMONG WOMEN ADMITTED IN HIWOT FANA COMPREHENSIVE AND SPECIALIZED UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL EAST ETHIOPIA: HOSPITAL BASED RETROSPECTIVE STUDY

Abstract

Background:-Ectopic pregnancy is defined as a pregnancy in which the implantation of the embryo occurs outside the uterine cavity, most frequently in one of the two fallopian tubes or, more rarely, in the abdominal cavity. It is relatively common in different parts of the world. Even though the management modalities and associated risk factors are the same across the globe, the reporting system of Ectopic pregnancy has impact on women reproductive health. However the reporting rate of ectopic pregnancy is low in developing country including Ethiopia. In eastern part of Ethiopia there is no published study of this disease. Therefore, this study will also provide information about the magnitude of this disease especially in eastern part of the country Objective - To assess the magnitude and maternal outcome of ectopic pregnancy among pregnant women treated in HFCSUH in period of 5 years (January 1, 2018 to December 30, 2022). Methods: Facility based retrospective cross sectional study was conducted from January 1, 2018 to December 30, 2022 and the extraction period of the data was from November 10, 2023 to November 30, 2023. We extracted data about all pregnant mothers who were admitted and managed for ectopic pregnancy in Hiwot fana Hospital and the gynecological admissions and records of the total deliveries within study period were also used in the analysis. The collected data was checked for any error, coded and entered in to SPSS version 26.0 for data processing and analysis. Descriptive statistics and tables were used to presented result. Results: A total of 24,061 deliveries and 6,412 gynecological admissions were recorded at the hospital during the five-year study period. Records of 120 ectopic pregnancies were retrieved, with a retrieval rate of 92.3%. The magnitude of ectopic pregnancy was 0.5% of total deliveries and 2% of gynecological admissions. The majority of patients (89 cases) resided in urban areas. Most mothers were aged 21-30 years (82 cases). The fallopian tube was the most frequent implantation site (113 cases), with the right tube involved more often (72 cases). Surgical management via laparotomy was performed in 116 cases, with salpingectomy being the leading procedure (97 cases). Post-operative complications occurred in 31 cases, primarily anemia (26 cases). All 120 patients were successfully discharged without any maternal mortality. vii Conclusion: The magnitude of ectopic pregnancy was low at 0.5% of deliveries. Post-operative anemia impacted over 25% of patients and was more common in rural residents. These findings indicate high-risk groups warrant enhanced care. While no maternal deaths occurred, strengthening hospital data collection could better capture disease burden. Overall, expanded access to prenatal services and anemia screening, particularly in rural areas, may help reduce complications associated with ectopic pregnancy management.