TREATMENT OUTCOMES AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG PATIENTS ADMITTED WITH VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM AT PUBLIC HOSPITALS OF HARAR TOWN, EASTERN ETHIOPIA: ACROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Abstract

Venous thromboembolism is the third most common cause of cardiovascular death and is responsible for more than 3 million deaths annually worldwide. Despite high rates of morbidity and mortality associated with VTE, limited studies have been conducted on treatment outcomes and associated factors in Ethiopia, particularly in study settings. OBJECTIVE: To assess treatment outcomes and associated factors among patients admitted with venous thromboembolism at public hospitals of Harar town Harar, eastern Ethiopia, from March 10, 2022, to April 8, 2022. METHODS: A hospital-based retrospective cross-sectional study design was conducted among 502 patients admitted with venous thromboembolism at Hiwot Fana Comprehensive Specialized Hospital and Jugal General Hospital using simple random sampling technique. Data abstraction formats were used to collect data from patient medical record cards. Then data were coded and entered into EpiData version 3.1 computer programs and exported to SPSS version 26 for analysis. All covariates that had a P-value less than 0.25 in the bivariable analysis were a candidate for multivariable analysis and variables with a P-value of less than 0.05 were considered as predictors of poor treatment outcome. RESULTS: A total of 502 patient medical record cards with outcome variables were included in the study. More than half of the patients 350 (69.7%) were females. Among the 502 patients who were admitted with VTE, 8.2% (95% CI: 5.6 to 10.6) patients had poor treatment outcomes. Factors such as age >50 years (AOR; 15.95 (95%CI: 4.54-19.92)); Cancer (AOR; 9.00 (95%CI: 1.31-14.69)); Chronic heart failure (AOR; 8.05(95%CI: 2.73-13.75)); Myocardial infarction (AOR; 5.68 (95%CI: 1.95-10.52)); and Recurrent venous thromboembolism (AOR; 3.77 (95% CI: 1.40-5.14)) were significantly associated with poor treatment outcome of venous thromboembolism. CONCLUSION: This study found that nearly 8.2% of patients with venous thromboembolism had poor treatment outcomes. In general, venous thromboembolism mortality rates were high in elderly group and patients with comorbidity and risk factors. Therefore, it is better to give more attention to the elderly group and patients with comorbidity and risk factors to improve the treatment outcomes of these populations